1. Canada’s Landform Regions

2. Landform Region Map

3. Appalachian Mountains
This region covers most of Atlantic Canada – New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, PEI and Newfoundland.

4. Appalachian Mountains
It is thought they were formed about 375 million years ago
These mountains have been worn down by ice and water over the years. Their typical height is 1000 m.
The vegetation is a mix of coniferous and deciduous forest.

5. Great Lakes – St. Lawrence Lowlands
The Lowlands stretch from southwestern Ontario along the Great Lakes and the St. Lawrence River to the mouth of the Saguenay River in Quebec.
This is Canada’s largest geographical area

6. Great Lakes – St. Lawrence Lowlands
The city of Montreal
The city of Toronto

7. Great Lakes – St. Lawrence Lowlands
Farmers grow grapes, peaches, pears and other fruits
Farmland near Toronto

8. Canadian Shield
This region is mostly covered with coniferous forests with a few areas suited for agriculture.
Covers Central Canada: Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Labrador, the Northwest Territories, and Nunavut.

9. Canadian Shield
The rocks of the Canadian Shield are about four billion years old.
Notice the scratches in the rock
They were caused by glaciers

10. Canadian Shield Boulder field in the Northwest Territories
More evidence of glaciers

11. Canadian Shield A boulder in the Northwest Territories
It was deposited here by a retreating glacier

12. Hudson Bay Lowlands
The Hudson Bay Lowlands region is a low area within the Shield
This area has swamp forests.
The Lowlands are located in northern Ontario and Manitoba.

13. Hudson Bay Lowlands

14. Hudson Bay Lowlands

15. Hudson Bay Lowlands
A forested bog outside Gilliam, Manitoba

16. Interior Plains
Is located between the Shield and the Western Cordillera
In parts of the Plains, the soil is more than 25 cm deep, which is black earth. This is ideal for growing wheat.

17. Interior Plains
The Plains cover most of Alberta, and large sections of Saskatchewan, Manitoba, and the Northwest Territories.
The meandering Red River in Southern Manitoba

18. Interior Plains
The Cypress Hills in Southern Saskatchewan

19. Interior Plains The Qu’Appelle Valley in Southern Saskatchewan
A rare change from the flat landscape in this region

20. Western Cordillera
This region is made up mountain ranges – The Coast Mountains, the Columbia Mountains, and the Rocky Mountains, separated by plateaus.
The height of many of these mountains reaches over 3000 m.
This region includes British Columbia, Yukon Territory, and part of Alberta.
If you looks carefully, you will also see glaciers

21. Western Cordillera
One of the large glaciers found in the Yukon

22. Western Cordillera
A glacier-fed lake in Jasper National Park in Alberta

23. Western Cordillera Jasper National Park
The valley is U-shaped because it was carved by a glacier, not the river you see here

24. Western Cordillera
The Coast Mountains provide a dramatic backdrop in this picture of North Vancouver, BC

25. Arctic Lowlands Most of the Arctic Lowlands are located in Nunavut.
A short growing season allows for only sparse vegetation of lichens and moss.

26. Arctic Lowlands
This is a region of tundra, a treeless plain, with a cold, dry climate and poorly drained soil.

27. Innuitian Mountains
In the Far North, the Innuition Mountains have rugged peaks that rise over 2000 m with steep sided valleys.
The dramatic cliffs of Ellesmere Island, Nunavut

28. Innuitian Mountains This area is too cold for trees to survive.
A glacier and its melt water on Ellesmere Island, Nunavut

29. Innuitian Mountains Red rocks and barren landscape on Melville Island
Melville Island is divided between Nunavut and the Northwest Territories