Transfusion immunology. Polyscacharide antigens of blood groups Most important: ABO system. Antigens may be present in secretions and on surface of.

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Presentation transcript:

Transfusion immunology

Polyscacharide antigens of blood groups Most important: ABO system. Antigens may be present in secretions and on surface of many endothelial and epitelial cells. H substance - is a core structure of ABO antigens. Extremely rare are patients of Bombay phenotype - no H substance is present. Antibodies are of IgM isotype, they are present even without antigen stimulation. Minor blood groups: MN and Ss

Proteine antigens of blood groups The most important is Rh system Antibodies are of IgG isotype. They develop only after antigenic stimulus. “Small“ protein blood groups: Kelly, Lewis, Duffy

Adverse reactions associated with transfusion Hemolytic: headache, myalgia, nausea, fever. Hemoglobin casts are responsible for kidney failure. Shock may develop. Febrile – antibodies against minor blood groups Allergic: urticaria, sometimes bronchospasm, anaphylactic shock in the most severe cases. TRALI syndrome: dyspnoea, cough soon after transfusion. Caused by thrombocyte aggregates in the lungs.