Chapter 11 Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 11 Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence Part VI Adolescence Chapter 11 Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence

How Should We Define Adolescence? When Does Adolescence Start? Biological Puberty—hormonal changes, physical changes Social Changes—interest in dating, cliques, rites, i.e. Bar Mitzvah, Confirmation, etc. Chronological Changes—girl becomes 11; boy becomes 12 yrs. old.

How Should We Define Adolescence? Theories of Adolescence Anna Freud’s Psychological Theory Restoration of balance between ego and id Renewed Oedipal or Electra Complex Emphasized the psychological aspect of the biopsychological model

How Should We Define Adolescence? Erik Erikson’s Psychological Theory Main task of adolescence is to establish an identity If identity not established, one is in identity confusion John Hill’s Biopsychosocial Theory Three factors interrelate: Biological, Psychological, and Social

Physical Development Your Reproductive System When Does Puberty Start? No single event, but a set of events marks the onset of puberty The Effects of Timing on Puberty The Secular Trend=Decreasing age of onset of puberty

Physical Development Body Image and Eating Disorders As body shape changes, can dissatisfaction with change, which can  eating disorders: anorexia and/or bulimia The Role of Stress: Adolescents are often overwhelmed by all they have to do. Jobs, school activities, homework, etc.

Cognitive Development Variables in Cognitive Development: Piaget Concrete Operations with literal thinking Formal Operations with abstract thinking Adolescent Egocentrism=exaggeration of importance, uniqueness, and severity of their own experiences (Elkind) Imaginary Audience—always on stage Personal Fable—adolescent is invincible

Cognitive Development Critical Thinking Convergent thinking=get one answer Creative Thinking Divergent thinking=creative generation of more than one answer Fluency, flexibility, originality, remote associations

Cognitive Development Mental Health Issues Adolescent turmoil, abnormal in childhood or adulthood, may be a normal part of adolescence Suicide rate has tripled in adolescents since 1950’s Homicide is 3rd leading cause of death Major Depression is increasing

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