BUSINESS COMPUTER APPLICATION University of Palestine College of Business Instructor: Mr. Ahmed Abumosameh

INTERNET Lecture 6

History of Internet  The work on Internet was started in 1960s during cold war of Russia & America.  ARPANET (Advance Research project Agency NET) connect 4 computers to share data with armed forces.  In 1964 Paul Baran published a paper on distributed communication network.  DARPA (Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency) new name of APRA and connect 37 new computers.  World wide Network. 1980s the idea of internet was came out. Different universities and research institutes started work on a global network.

How to connect with Internet  Computer  Modem  Dialup software  ISP connection  Web Browser

Services of Internet  World Wide web (WWW)   Discussion Groups  News Groups  E-commerce  FTP (File Transfer Protocol)  Chatting & Instant messaging

Benefits & Disadvantages of Internet Advantages ‾ Information search ‾ ‾ Online results ‾ E-Commerce ‾ Discussion groups ‾ Job search ‾ Entertainment ‾ Online education ‾ Research ‾ Advertisement ‾ Video conferencing ‾ Government Authorities ‾ News ‾ Encyclopedia publisher ‾ Medical ‾ Search Engine Disadvantages – Hacking – Security Problems – Viruses – Wastage of Time – Cyber Crime

Web Browsers  A web browser is a software application for retrieving, presenting, and traversing information resources on the World Wide Web. An information resource is identified by a Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) and may be a web page, image, video, or other piece of content. Some examples of Web browsers are: - Internet Explorer - Netscape Navigator - Mozilla - Firefox

Web Servers  A Web server is a computer program that delivers (serves) content, such as Web pages, using the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), over the World Wide Web. The term Web server can also refer to the computer or virtual machine running the program.

 Electronic mail, most commonly abbreviated or , is a method of exchanging digital messages. systems are based on a store-and-forward model in which server computer systems accept, forward, deliver and store messages on behalf of users.  An electronic mail message consists of two components, Message header, Message body The message header contains control information, including, minimally, an originator's address and one or more recipient addresses. Usually additional information is added, such as a subject header field.

Search Engine  A web search engine is designed to search for information on the World Wide Web. The search results are usually presented in a list of results and are commonly called hits. The information may consist of web pages, images, information and other types of files. Some search engines also mine data available in databases or open directories.

The Internet What are some services found on the Internet? 4. Chat (4) (1) 1. (2) 2. Web (3) 3. File transfer (5) 5. Message board (6) 6. Instant messaging

How the Internet Works What are ways to access the Internet? 1. Regional ISP 2. National ISP 3. OSP (AOL and MSN, for example) 4. Wireless Internet Service Provider

How the Internet Works How might data travel the Internet using a telephone line connection? Step 1. Request data from a server on Internet Step 5. Regional ISP uses leased lines to send data to a national ISP Step 6. National ISP routes data across the country Step 8. Server sends data back to you Step 2. Modem converts digital signals to analog signals Step 3. Data travels through telephone lines to a local ISP Step 4. Data passes through routers Step 7. National ISP passes data to local ISP

How the Internet Works What is a domain name?  Text version of Internet protocol (IP) address  Number that uniquely identifies each computer or device connected to Internet  DNS (domain name system)  Store domain names and their corresponding IP addresses

The World Wide Web What is the World Wide Web (WWW)? A worldwide collection of electronic documents Each electronic document is called a Web page Also called the Web Can contain text, graphics, sound, video, and built-in connectionsA Web site is a collection of related Web pages

The World Wide Web What is a Web browser? Microsoft Internet Explorer Netscape Mozilla  Program that allows you to view Web pages

The World Wide Web How can you establish a connection and start the Web browser? Step 2. If necessary, connect to the Internet Step 3. Connection to the Internet occurs, and a home page displays Step 1. Click the Web browser program name

The World Wide Web What is a home page?  The first page that a Web site presents  Often provides connections to other Web pages

The World Wide Web What is downloading?  The process of a computer receiving information  Depending upon connection speed, downloading can take from a few seconds to several minutes

The World Wide Web What is a URL (or Web address) ? Unique address for a Web page A web server delivers the Web page to your computer

The World Wide Web What is a hyperlink (link)?  Item found elsewhere on same Web page  Different Web page at same Web site  Web page at a different Web site  Built-in connection to another related Web page location

The World Wide Web How can you recognize links?  A link can be text or an image  Pointer changes to a small hand when you point to a link  Text links are usually underlined and in a different color

The World Wide Web What is a search engine?  Program used to find Web sites and Web pages by entering words or phrases called search text  Also called a keyword

The World Wide Web What is a subject directory?  Search tool with organized set of topics and subtopics  Lets you find information by clicking links rather than entering keywords

The World Wide Web What are the eight basic types of Web sites?  Portal  News  Informational  Business/marketing  Educational  Entertainment  Advocacy  Personal

The World Wide Web What is a portal?  A Web site that offers a variety of services from one, convenient location, usually for free  Searching, sports, , news, weather, auctions, Web communities (Web sites that join people with similar interests)

The World Wide Web What is a news Web site?  Contains newsworthy material  Stories and articles relating to current events, life, money, sports, and weather

The World Wide Web What is an informational Web site?  Contains factual information  Created by organizations and government agencies

The World Wide Web What is a business/marketing Web site?  Contains content that promotes products  Allows you to purchase products or services online

The World Wide Web What is an educational Web site?  Some companies offer online training for employees  Some colleges offer online classes and degrees  Offers avenues for formal and informal teaching and learning

The World Wide Web What is an entertainment Web site?  Offers an interactive environment featuring music, video, sports, games, and more

The World Wide Web What is an advocacy Web site?  Contains content that describes a cause, opinion, or idea

The World Wide Web What is a personal Web site?  Web page maintained by private individual  Reasons: sharing life experience with the world or job hunting

The World Wide Web What is multimedia?  Application integrating text with other media elements  Graphics  Animation  Audio  Video  Virtual reality

The World Wide Web What graphics formats are used on the Web? BMP GIF (pronounced JIFF) JPEG (pronounced JAY-peg) PCX PNG (pronounced ping) TIFF

The World Wide Web What is a thumbnail?  Small version of a larger graphic image c —used to improve Web page display time  Usually click on thumbnail to display larger image

The World Wide Web What is animation?  Appearance of motion created by displaying a series of still images in sequence  Animated GIF  Uses computer animation and graphics software to combine several images into a single GIF file

The World Wide Web What is audio?  Music, speech, or any other sound  Individual compressed sound files that you download from the Web to your computer  Common Web audio file formats are MP3, WAV, WMA (Windows Media Audio), MPEG, RealAudio, and QuickTime  Once downloaded, you can play (listen to) the contents of the files

The World Wide Web What is streaming audio?  Transfers data in a continuous and even flow  Enables you to listen to the sound as it downloads to your computer  Radio stations use streaming audio to broadcast over the Web

The World Wide Web What is video?  Consists of full-motion images with sound played back at various speeds  MPEG (Moving Pictures Experts Group) is popular video compression standard

The World Wide Web What is virtual reality (VR)?  Use of computers to simulate real or imagined environment  Appears as a three dimensional (3-D) space  Used for games and many practical applications

The World Wide Web What are plug-ins?  Programs that extend the capability of a browser  You can download many plug-ins at no cost from various Web sites Plug-in ApplicationWeb Address Acrobat Readerwww.adobe.com Flash Playermacromedia.com Liquid Playerliquidaudio.com QuickTimeapple.com RealOne Playerreal.com Shockwave Playermacromedia.com Windows Media Playermicrosoft.com

Business to business (B2B) Business providing goods and services to other businesses Consumer to consumer (C2C) One consumer sells directly to another Electronic Commerce What is e-commerce? Business to consumer (B2C) Sale of goods to general public  Short for electronic commerce  Business transaction that occurs over the Internet

Other Internet Services What is ?  Short for electronic mail  The transmission of messages and files via a computer network  Messages can consist of simple text or can contain attachments, such as documents, graphics, or audio/video clips  Internet access providers usually provide an program  Some Web sites—such as MSN Hotmail and Yahoo!—provide free services  One of the original services on the Internet

Other Internet Services How do you send an message? Step 1. Start an program (Microsoft Outlook, for example) Step 2. Click the New Mail Message button Step 3. Enter the recipient’s address, the subject, and the message Step 4. Click the Insert file button if you want to attach a picture, for example, and click Send Step 5. The recipient opens the message

Other Internet Services What is an address?  Unique name that consists of a user name and domain name that identifies the user

Other Internet Services How does an message travel? Step 1. Using software, you create and send message Step 2. Your software contacts software on your ISP’s outgoing mail server Step 4. When recipient uses software to check for messages, the message transfers from incoming mail server to recipient’s computer Step 3. Software on outgoing mail server determines best route for data and sends message, which travels along Internet routers to recipient’s incoming mail server

Other Internet Services What is FTP?  File Transfer Protocol—Internet standard that allows you to upload and download files with other computers on the Internet

Other Internet Services What is a chat?  Real-time typed conversation that takes place on a computer  Chat room is location on server that permits users to discuss topics of interest

Web Publishing What is Web publishing? Step 1. Plan the Web site Step 2. Analyze and design the Web site Step 3. Create the Web site Step 4. Deploy the Web site Step 5. Maintain the Web site  Development and maintenance of Web pages