Global Environmental Facilities-GEF - 5 Initial STAR Allocation (System for Transparent Allocation of Resources) GEF Focal Point for Myanmar Hla Maung Thein NCEA 25th March, 2011

Structure of Presentation Background of GEF GEF 5 Initial STAR allocation Project types GEF focal areas Adaptation Fund Projects in Myanmar GEF Application Process, Procedure & Priority Opportunities, Constraints and Future Activities

Background of GEF

What is the GEF? •The Global Environment Facility (GEF) was established in October 1991 as a financial mechanism to assist in the protection of the global environment and to promote environmental sustainable development. •The GEF would provide additional grants to cover the "incremental" or additional costs associated with transforming a project with national benefits into one with global environmental benefits.

GEF’s Strategic Goals Four strategic goals cover all activities under GEF mandate: Strategic Goal 1 – conserve, sustainably use and manage biodiversity, ecosystems and natural resources globally, taking into account anticipated impacts of climate change Strategic Goal 2 – reduce global climate change risks by (1) stabilizing atmospheric GHG concentrations through emission reduction actions; and (2) assisting countries to adapt to climate change, including variability Strategic Goal 3 – promote the sound management of chemicals through their life-cycle to minimize the effect on human health and global environment Strategic Goal 4 – build national and regional capacities and enabling conditions for global environmental protection and sustainable development

GEF Agencies The World Bank (WB) Asian Development Bank (ADB) Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) United Nations Development Organization (UNIDO) African Development Bank (AFDB) European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD)

Role of GEF Agencies GEF Agencies are responsible for creating project proposals. GEF Agencies play key roles in managing GEF projects on the ground.  More specifically GEF Agencies assist eligible governments and NGOs in the development, implementation, and management of GEF projects.

GEF Fund The GEF also serves as financial mechanism for the following Conventions: Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) United Nation Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCC) Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) UN Convention on Combat Desertification (UNCCD) Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer

Financial History of the GEF The GEF Trust Fund is divided into 4-year GEF Pilot Phase - 1991-1994 -- $1 Billion US Dollars Replenishments GEF - 1 - 1994-1998 – $2.2 Billion US Dollars GEF - 2 - 1998-2002 – $2.8 Billion US Dollars GEF - 3 - 2002-2006 – $2.9 Billion US Dollars GEF - 4 - 2006-2010 – $3.1 Billion US Dollars World Bank is the Trustee of the GEF Trust Fund

GEF Coordination Mechanism for Myanmar NCEA, Ministry of Forestry is the political and operational focal points of GEF. And it also is the Focal Points for UNFCCC, CBD, Stockholm Convention, UNCCD and other MEAs, Myanmar.

GEF 5 Initial STAR allocation

GEF – 5 Initial STAR Allocation Duration: July 2010 to June 2014 (4 years) Amount: US$ 4.34 billion Other funds: Adaptation Fund Least Developing Countries Fund Special Climate Change Fund

Allocation in Focal areas Climate change (1360 M$) Biodiversity (1210 M$) Land degradation (405 M$) Enabling Activities, Global and Regional Activities and Sustainable Forest Management (20% of these allocation)

Total Fund (15.35 M$) GEF-5 Fund for Myanmar Climate change (7.12 M$) Biodiversity (6.72 M$) Land degradation (1.51 M$) Total Fund (15.35 M$)

Project Types

Project types GEF provides grants to various types of projects ranging from several thousand dollars to several million dollars. These are: Full-Sized Projects (FSPs) Medium-Sized Projects (MSPs) Enabling Activities (EAs) Programmatic Approach (PA) Climate Change Adaptation Projects (CCAPs) Small Grants Programme (SGP)

Full-Size Projects (FSPs) Over US$1 million Project concepts may be developed by governments, non-governmental organizations, communities, the private sector, or other civil society entities Must respond to both national priorities and GEF focal area Must satisfy eligibility requirements under the Conventions. Project proponents work closely with national GEF Operational Focal Points (who formally endorse project concepts) and the GEF Agency, to develop concepts and move through the project cycle FSPs are subject to project review criteria and are approved by the GEF Council.

Medium-Size Projects (MSPs) Up to US $1 million MSPs offer opportunities for a broad range of programming that is typically smaller in scale than FSPs. Funding such projects increases GEF flexibility in allocating and encourages a wide range of stakeholders to propose and develop project concepts. MSPs are limited to a maximum of $1 million in GEF Their approval is delegated by the Council and it is subject to project review criteria, similar to FSPs.

Enabling Activities The GEF finances Enabling Activities related to Convention obligations under the CBD, UNFCCC and Stockholm Convention (PoPs) To help countries prepare national inventories, strategies, action plans, and reports under these conventions They represent a basic building block of GEF assistance to countries. The Secretariat proposes that the GEF will support enabling activities up to US$-500,000 in addition to national STAR allocations.

Programmatic Approach (PA) Programmatic Approaches represent a partnership between country/ies, the GEF and other interested stakeholders, such as the private sector, donors and/or the scientific community. This approach secures larger-scale and sustainable impact on the global environment, through integrating global environmental objectives into national or regional strategies and plans.  A program usually contains several projects that are linked through common objective/s of the program aimed to foster integration of global environmental issues into the country(ies) development agenda.

Small Grants Programme (SGP) Up to $ 50,000 - Funded by GEF as a corporate programme, implemented by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) on behalf of the GEF partnership. The SGP supports non-governmental and community organizations, providing small grants for community-based projects in the GEF focal areas.

GEF Focal Areas

Focal Areas for GEF funds projects Climate change Biodiversity Land degradation International waters Chemicals, including POPs (Persistent Organic Pollutants) and ODS (Ozone Depletion Substance) Cross-cutting theme: Sustainable Forest Management (SFM)

Climate Change Goal is to support developing countries and economies in transition toward a low-carbon development path Objectives : Promote demonstration, and transfer of advanced low-carbon technologies Promote market transformation for energy efficiency in industry and buildings Promote investment in renewable energy technologies Promote energy efficient, low-carbon transport and urban systems Conserve and enhance carbon stocks through sustainable management of land use, land-use change, and forestry Continue to support enabling activities and capacity building

Biodiversity Goal is conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity and maintenance of ecosystem goods and services. Objectives: Improve sustainability of protected area systems Mainstream biodiversity conservation and sustainable use into production landscapes/seascapes and sectors Build capacity to implement Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety and Access to genetic resources and benefit-sharing Integrate CBD obligations into national planning processes through enabling activities

Land Degradation Goal is to contribute to arresting and reversing current global trends in land degradation, specifically desertification and deforestation Objectives: Maintain or improve flow of agro-ecosystem services to sustain livelihoods of local communities Generate sustainable flows of forest ecosystem services in arid, semi-arid and sub-humid zones, including sustaining livelihoods of forest-dependent people Reduce pressures on natural resources from competing land uses in wider landscape; Increase capacity to apply adaptive management tools in sustainable land management

International Water Goal is to promote collective management of transboundary water systems and to implement policy, legal, and institutional reforms and investments contributing to sustainable use and maintenance of ecosystem services Objectives: Catalyze multi-state cooperation to balance conflicting water uses in transboundary surface and groundwater basins while considering climatic variability and change

International Water : Objectives conts: Catalyze multi-state cooperation to rebuild marine fisheries and reduce pollution of coasts and Large Marine Ecosystems (LMEs) while considering climatic variability and change Support capacity building, portfolio learning, and targeted research needs for joint, ecosystem based management of transboundary water systems Promote effective management of Marine Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction (ABNJ) directed at preventing fisheries depletion - joint with Biodiversity Undertake pilot-scale demonstrations of pollution reduction from Persistent Toxic Substances (PTS)

Chemical Goal is to promote sound management of chemicals throughout their life-cycle in ways that lead to minimization of significant adverse effects on human health and global environment Objectives: Phase out POPs (persistent organic pollutants) and reduce POPs releases Phase out ODS (ozone-depleting substances) and reduce ODS releases Pilot sound chemicals management and mercury reduction

Sustainable Forest Management cross cutting program Goal is to achieve multiple environmental benefits from improved management of all types of forests Objectives: Reduce pressures on forest resources and generate sustainable flows of forest ecosystem services Strengthen enabling environment to reduce GHG emissions from deforestation and forest degradation and enhance carbon sinks from LULUCF activities Countries which present projects that combine resources and objectives in more than one GEF focal area for a transformative impact in Sustainable Forest Management should receive additional resources as incentive, in addition to resources allocation

GEF-5: the Vision for Integrated Natural Resources Management The GREEN, The WHITE, The BLUE and The REDD Sustainable Forest Management Biodiversity Water Functions LD / Sustainable Land Management Restoring & Sustaining Coastal Resources Carbon Sequestration

Adaptation Fund

Climate Change Adaptation Projects Projects that fall under the area of Adaptation of the Climate Change focal area can apply for funds available: Adaptation Fund Special Climate Change Fund (SCCF) Least Developed Countries Fund (LDCF)

Major Requirement for Adaptation Fund Developing Countries, Parties to the Kyoto Protocol and Vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change are eligible to applying for AF project

Adaptation Strategy: Objectives Reduce vulnerability to the adverse impacts of climate change – e.g. reduced risks to economic losses through implementation of adaptation measures Increase adaptive capacity to respond to the impacts of climate change – e.g. within relevant development sectors and natural resources; diversified and strengthened livelihoods and sources of income Promote transfer and adoption of adaptation technologies – e.g. successful demonstration, deployment and transfer of relevant adaptation technologies as defined under the Climate Convention

Small-size Projects – up to 1 million US$ Applying Procedure Executing Entity can apply either using a National Implementing Entity (NIE – Govn.) or a Multilateral Implementing Entity (MIE – GEF window agencies) Two Types of AF Small-size Projects – up to 1 million US$ Regular-size Project –above 1 million US$

Priority Areas of Adaptation Projects Countries with Low- lying coastal Arid and semi-arid areas Areas liable to flood, drought, and desertification Fragile mountainous ecosystem

Project Review Criteria (AF) Country Eligibility Project Eligibility Resource Availability Eligibility of NIE/MIE Implementation Arrangement

Project/ Programme Proposal (AF) Part I – Project/ Program Information Part II – Project Justification Part III – Implementation Arrangements Part IV – Endorsement by Government and Certification by the Implementing Entity

Projects funded by GEF in Myanmar

Present Projects (Enabling Activities) Project title GEF agency IA Focal areas National Bio-safety Framework (2007) UNEP NCEA, MAS, FD, DoF Biodiversity Preparation of National Adaptation Programme of Action (NAPA) (on going) MHD Climate change Development of the National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (NBSAP) (on going) FD Initial national communication (INC) (on going) NCEA, Lined Ministries BOBLME (ongoing) DoF Inter. water

Plan to propose projects Project title GEF agency IA Focal areas Community based natural resource management in the dry zone of Myanmar UNDP, FAO FD, MAS, Climate Change Adaptation Energy efficiency project UNIDO MOE, MOI 1/2 FSPs, Climate change Peatland Management project (EA) IFAD NCEA, FD, MAS EA, Climate change Implementation of Climate Change activities to promote resilience of the community in Coastal Areas ? NCEA and line Depts. EA, Climate Change Adaptation PoPs (EA) NCEA, and line Depts. EA, PoPs

The GEF Application Process Procedures and Priority

The GEF Application Process PROJECT START PIF Submitted and approved by GEF Project Preparation: developing full project documentation and submission to GEF GEF SEC- CEO Endorsement Partners consultation and GEF OFP Endorsement to develop PIF

Look into the Environment Issues Prepare the Funding Proposals Procedures Look into the Environment Issues See the problem and find how serious it is… Prepare the Funding Proposals Should submit via one of the GEF Agencies (ADB, UNDP, UNEP etc.) GEF Agency see the possible way to facilitate and submit to GSF Sec How long? Wait until next GEF council meeting Each agency has their own mandate/capacity and arrangement

GEF Sec agrees directly: Focal Area of GEF? Procedures GEF Sec agrees directly: Focal Area of GEF? Look into the Focal Area of GEF? Priority of Country Look into the Priority Area of Country? (needs Focal Point’s endorsement) Co-finance of Project Co-financing way? (GEF fund only partial/not more than half of project budget. To boost up or to make more sus. way).

Report by accountable way Procedures Report by accountable way Report through accountable way? (GEF fund would be reported via Government or accountable agency (Int’l Agency)). Fund flow is Ok! See the STAR? Other limit (max vs min) (GEF fund not too small not too big). Discuss with GEF Agency for detail project implementation and agree.

National priorities (EPA 2009) Environmental Concern Issues Challenges towards SFM Landuse changes Deforestation and forest degradation (Illegal logging, fuel-wood) Threats to Biodiversity Habitat fragmentation and shrinking Illegal wildlife trade Law enforcement Land degradation Exhausting land production capacity/ soil deterioration Increasing cultivable land demand

National priorities (EPA 2009) Environmental Concern Issues Water Resources Water Quality degradation Insufficient drinking water resources especially during dry season Solid Waste Management Rapid industrial and urban development Waste treatment technology Climate Change Extreme weather conditions, flood, draught and storms Natural disasters Impacts of mining industry on Environment Soil and water contamination Health problem 3/28/2017

Opportunities, Constraints and Future actions

Opportunities Signed for required ratifications and appointed GDNA Fund Mobilization Co-financing available (UN agencies, INGOs, Govt. depts.) Strengthening the capacity through sharing of experiences, ideas and transfer of knowledge on Global Environment Issues Compliances of Conventions obligations

Opportunities conts: Strengthening the existing expertise on proposal formulation with the technical assistance of GEF Window Agencies Strengthening the existing Network (ETWG, DRR, FSWG, Taskforces and political will by Govt.)

Constraints Limited knowledge and experience on GEF Limited capacity in GEF funded project preparation and implementation Lack of national coordination mechanism and weakness of existing Coordination mechanism (esp. Programmatic approach) Poor awareness on procedure and process on GEF application Likely complex, controversial and long process for accessibility to GEF fund is Unable to apply in this year for Adaptation fund through MIE

Future Actions To extend awareness of GEF procedures, priorities and practices To identify National Executing Agency and Leading GEF Agency To identify national priorities under each focal area and linkage with GEF 5 strategic priorities To build partnerships (co-financing & technical) to undertake new and innovative GEF projects; To develop project concepts (objectives, major activities and outcomes) for Adaptation and STAR allocation To submit the project proposal to GEF SEC during time frame of GEF 5 To form Institutional GEF Coordination Mechanism to determine national priorities, to develop project concepts and proposals and approvals monitor project implementation and also supports the mainstreaming of environmental concerns into national development planning. To operate National GEF Portfolio Identification Exercises assistance with relevant GEF window agencies

Urgent need (Project concepts and proposal preparation) Identify national priorities with incremental value to be funded under GEF. Identify possible co-financing at national level Identify National Executing Agency (NIE) Identify Lead GEF Agency (MIE) on the basis of their comparative advantage (UNDP, WB, UNEP, UNIDO, FAO, ADB, IFAD) Identify focal points / contact persons Project types (FSPs, MSPs, SGP) To operate National GEF Portfolio Identification Exercises assistance with relevant GEF window agencies

Thank You for Your Attention What’s the Way? To start early and complete project preparation and implementation for allocated resources to ensure Adaptation Fund and GEF 5 projects Thank You for Your Attention