Seite 1 Session 3 Orientation to E-waste December 2, 2013 Rachna Arora Implemented by

Seite 2 What is E-Waste? Electronic waste or e -waste is any broken or unwanted electrical or electronic appliance. E - waste includes computers, consumer electronics, phones, medical equipments, toys and other items that have been discarded by their original users. E-Waste also include waste which is generated during manufacturing or assembling of such equipments 2

Seite 3 What is E-Waste? WEEE Directive (EU, 2002a) Electrical or electronic equipment which is waste including all components, sub-assemblies and consumables, which are part of the product at the time of discarding. OECD (2001) E-waste is defined as “any appliance sing an electric power supply that has reached its end of life.” E-waste (Management and Handling) Rules, 2011 E-waste is waste electrical and electronic equipment, whole or in part listed in schedule -1 and scraps or rejects from their manufacturing and repair process, which are intended to be discarded 3

Seite 4 Exercise: What is E-Waste? 4 Please state what e-waste comprises of in your understanding

Seite 5 What do the E-Waste (M&H) Rules say? 5

Seite 6 Source: UNEP

Seite 7 Generation of E-Waste 7 Global quantity: approx million tonnes (UNEP). Mobile phones: 700 million units (2005) Europe: 8.3–9.1 million tonnes annually US: 2.6 million tonnes annually ( US EPA) India: 0.33 million tonnes (2007, Mobiles, television & computers) Rates of increase: 3-5% globally, 10-12% India. Source: Lead and Cadmium Global impacts through e waste by Ravi Agarwal, Toxics Link

Seite 8 E-waste Flow CONSUMER Domestic Commercial MANUFACTURERIMPORT Exchange with vendor for higher configuration Vendor Lobby Auction to Vendors Scrap Dealer Working parts to other industries Dismantler CPU Other Parts Monitor Extractors and Recyclers Metal Other Plastic To other Industries

Seite 9 Toxics in E-waste Over 1000 materials, many toxic Lead and cadmium in circuit boards; Lead oxide and cadmium in monitor cathode ray tubes (CRTs); Mercury in switches and flat screen monitors Cadmium in computer batteries; Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in older capacitors and transformers; Brominated flame retardants on printed circuit boards, plastic casings, cables Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) cable insulation - release highly toxic dioxins and furans when burned

Seite 10 Existing Recycling/ Recovery Operation Backyard operation. Women and children employed. Risk awareness non-existent or low. Breaking, acid baths, open burning. High environmental and occupational risks.

Seite 11 Exercise: Develop Training Material on E-waste Basics 11 Divide into 4 groups and develop training material for specific target group: Basics of E-waste including material flow Informal sector Bulk consumers Hazardous substances in e-waste including Environmental and occupation health hazards Individual consumers Regulators Duration 60 minutes Group work

Seite Thank you for your attention