THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS Catalysts for Creation WWI and the Alliance System Wilson’s Idealism Modern Economy

Goals of L.O.N. Peace keeping Encourage contact among nations Settle nationalist issues Humanitarian efforts

Doomed to fail? Unequal Playing field Lack of military force Britain and France US did not join

EFFECTS OF WWI Immediate 10 million soldiers killed RUS – 2 mil GER – 1.3 mil FRA – 1.3 mil GB – 900,000 US: 115,000 4 million civilians killed 350 billion dollars

Soviet Union 2. In what region of Europe did most of the changes take place? 3. What issues/conflicts are likely to emerge as a result of the new map created in 1919?

Long Term Effects 1. Destruction of Eastern & Central European Empires 2. Communism in Russia

Long Term Effects 3. Weakening of Europe --Economic instability: --Unresolved nationalistic issues --Dissent in the colonies: Economic power moves to US & Japan Forced to make concessions to non-European areas

Long Term Effects 4. Social & Political Transformations Women Monarchies

The World By the 1920’s 3 Major Patterns 1.W. Eur. = Incomplete recovery -Negative pol. & econ. patterns arose: Fascism in Italy; crippling tariffs -W. Europe’s world econ. dominance fell behind U.S. & Japan

The World By the 1920’s 3 Major Patterns 2. U.S. & Japan = New giants in indust. prod.

The World By the 1920’s 3 Major Patterns 3. Consequential Revolutions in: -Mexico -Russia -China

The World By the 1920’s The Roaring Twenties *Brief period of stability and optimism -Germany’s new dem. gov’t promised friendship & coop. -Kellogg-Briand Act = outlawed war -General econ. prosperity

The World By the 1920’s The Roaring Twenties – cont’d *Brief period of stability and optimism -Intro. of new consumer items: radios & autos -Cultural burst in arts, film, lit. -Women achieve voting rights & social freedoms in West.

THE GREAT GLOBAL DEPRESSION – 1930s

Causes 1.German reparations fueled Hyperinflation

Causes 2. Overproduction: supply > demand

Causes 3. Excessive expansion of credit

Causes 4. Tariffs = poor domestic economy

Causes 5. Stock market crash & panic

Impact Who was impacted the most? – High unemployment in indust. countries –Value of exports drop –Bank failures; collapse of credit –Extreme political reactions/massive rearmament Western democracies & Japan

GERMANY Failure of Democracy (Weimar Republic) Rise of Nazism ITALY Rise of Fascism JAPAN MILITARISM & EXPANSION Failure of a return to Pre- War Government Failure of a Civilian government

Impact Who was not impacted? –Isolated Communist regime USSR –Stalin’s 5 year plan Depression clip

Fascism vs. Nazism Summary 1.Fascism is a term that was originally referred to the fascists of Italy under Mussolini. Nazism on the other hand, though a form of Fascism, referred to as National Socialism, is in an ideological concept of the Nazi Party. (National Socialist German Workers’ Party of Adolf Hitler) 2.For Fascists, the state was the most important element. But Nazism emphasized on racism. 3.While fascism considered state as important, Nazism considered ‘Aryanism’ as more important.