How to Upgrade to SAP BW 7.4 — Step-by-Step Instructions and What to Look Out For Dr. Bjarne Berg COMERIT

In This Session We will look at what to expect when planning and executing an upgrade of your SAP BW system to version 7.4 We will take a look at new functionality and system requirements that will have the greatest impact on your upgrade At the end of this session, you will have a solid understanding of the benefits and tasks required to move to SAP BW 7.4

Introduction – Dr. Berg

What We’ll Cover Why upgrade? Installation and components of SAP BW 7.4 New features of SAP BW 7.4 on HANA Possible approach when upgrading Step-by-step for upgrading SAP BW to SAP BW 7.4 Wrap-up

The Reasons for Upgrading to SAP BW 7.4 SAP BW 7.4 has been available since May 2013 and has been well tested BW Version Release Date End of mainstream maintenance 1.0E Dec-98 Jan-99 1.2A Feb-99 Jun-99 1.2B Jun-04 2.0A Feb-00 Feb-05 2.0B Aug-00 Dec-05 2.1C Dec-00 3.0A Nov-01 3.0B May-02 Dec-06 3.1C Nov-02 3.2 Mar-03 3.3 Aug-03 3.5 Mar-04 Dec-10 2004S Jun-07 7.0 (~"7.1") Dec-08 Mar-14 7.3 Mar-11 Mar-16 7.4 May 13 May-19 BW has been around for over 16 years!

New Business Content Optimized for BW on HANA SAP has developed specific new content for BW on HANA This takes advantage of HANA optimized transformations, consolidated InfoObjects, more line item details, and in some cases, leverages the BW models and the HANA models in combined scenarios Take a look at the latest BI Content in 7.57 and the BI Content Extension for 7.57 for more detail

What We’ll Cover Why upgrade? Installation and components of SAP BW 7.4 New features of SAP BW 7.4 on HANA Possible approach when upgrading Step-by-step for upgrading SAP BW to SAP BW 7.4 Wrap-up

Engines, Clients, and Usage Types Based on what you are planning to use, you may need to install different clients, usage types, and standalone engines For example, for the BW Admin Cockpit, you need Enterprise Portal Core, the application portal, EP Core, and BI Java installed You will also need the Java application server (AS) installed to use the Wizard for the BW basic configuration, even though this component is ABAP based Make sure you carefully read the BW 7.4 master guide on SAP Marketplace to find out what components you are using and what you need to upgrade. There are also separate install guides for AS Java and AS ABAP on the SAP Marketplace.

JAVA Server for UD Connect and BEx Broadcasting Universal Data Connect is a tool to get data connection set up so that data can be loaded to the SAP BW 7.4 system If you want to use UD connect, you will have to install, or upgrade, the Java Application Server You will also need the Java Application Server if you want to use features such as the BEx Broadcaster For many customers, installing or upgrading the Java application server makes sense to take advantage of existing and future capabilities. For older BW systems, splitting the stack and also keeping the Java server separate from the Enterprise Portal Java sever is the recommended approach for most organizations.

New ABAP 7.4 Application Server There are two changes to the AS ABAP 7.4 for custom development and HANA You will need to upgrade to this 7.4 version to get access to: Support for Eclipse-based ABAP development tools and environments The new code optimization detection for HANA in the new ABAP profiler and the enhanced ABAP list view P.S.! AS Java 7.3 Service Pack 3 is supported for SAP HANA and the usage types needing this component

Installing SAP BW 7.4 — “Green Fielding” There are 5 steps to install SAP BW 7.4 as a “clean” installation instead of upgrading from an early release: Preparation Install required BW system Install optional standalone engines Install required standalone engines Install clients First, install the BW system with usage type ABAP and the Content releases (either 7.57 add-on or the BI 7.4 content extension) Please note that there are no installation options (yet) for mobile and BW ABAP in the Software Provisioning manager version 1.0 There were known errors when using BI content 7.47 SP4 on BW 7.4 SP2, so avoid this combination and go for higher releases (see SAP Note: 1853775)

Installing SAP NetWeaver® Application Server 7 Installing SAP NetWeaver® Application Server 7.4 (After RDBMS Is Installed) Step 1: Download the current release of SAPCAR archiving tool and the Software Provisioning Manager (service.sap.com/swdc *) Step 2: In the directory where you downloaded it to, use SAPCAR to decompress the Software Provisioning Manager (SAPCAR –xvf <path>\<download directory>\<Archive>) Step 3: Move the downloaded installation media to the installation host Step 4: Double click on sapinst.exe. You find it in the same directory as the Software Provisioning Manager. Step 5: Conduct a Prerequisite Check (Installation  MSSQL Database  Preparations) This example is for an SQL Server Database, instructions for each DB can be found on the SAP Service Marketplace

Installing SAP NetWeaver Application Server 7. 4 (cont Installing SAP NetWeaver Application Server 7.4 (cont.) (After RDBMS Is Installed) Step 6: Start the installer tool again and go to: SAP Product  MSSQL DATABASE  SAP Systems Application Server Java (This path will vary based on the type of database you are using) Step 7: From the sapinst.exe, select the components you need Make sure you understand what is needed for each of your use cases before proceeding. Read the SAP NetWeaver® 7.4 Master Guide on the SAP Service Marketplace.

Installing SAP NetWeaver Application Server 7. 4 (cont Installing SAP NetWeaver Application Server 7.4 (cont.) (After RDBMS Is Installed) Step 8: Give your system a system identifier (unique) and register the diagnostic agent user by clicking “Next” Step 9: Look at the summary and make sure all components are what you want and then execute the installation

Installing SAP NetWeaver Application Server 7.4 (cont.) Step 10: The number of steps and the time it takes to execute the next steps will depend on the components you selected in Step 7, as well as the hardware you are running. It is typically not a very time-consuming task Once the installation is complete, you can start applying the latest content releases for BW 7.4

Installing BW 7.4 on HANA and Engines To install BW 7.4 on HANA, you first need to have the HANA database installed. This can only be done by a certified hardware partner. Both standard and distributed HANA systems are supported Application servers should normally not be installed on the database servers due to potential performance impacts Standalone engines you may install include: Standalone gateway liveCache TREX search engine Java SE adapter engine Web Dispatcher Content Server HANA is a complex system that should only be installed by certified professionals with significant experience. More Information on BW on HANA is found in SAP Note 1600929.

Clients and Solution Manager Standalone clients engines you may install include: SAP GUI for Windows (HTML and Java do not have all functions yet for the BI add-on for SAP BEx) SAP NetWeaver Business Client (NWBC) Mobile client Adobe LiveCycle Designer SAP Enterprise Services Explorer tool for MS .NET SAP BusinessObjects clients (Crystal Reports, Dashboards, Analysis, WebI, etc.) SAP Developer Studio Make sure you also upgrade to the latest support pack for SAP Solution Manager and the implementation content. This is known as the ST-ICO add-on. You can find more information in SAP Note 631042. Minimum GUI version 7.3 for Java or Microsoft is required for SAP BW 7.4. You can also use the SAP integrated ITS version.

What We’ll Cover Why upgrade? Installation and components of SAP BW 7.4 New features of SAP BW 7.4 on HANA Possible approach when upgrading Step-by-step for upgrading SAP BW to SAP BW 7.4 Wrap-up

SAP HANA and BW 7.4 BW 7.4 on HANA has continued to move process-intensive functions from the Application to the DB server This takes advantage of the performance improvements of an in-memory DB It also reduces the need for data transfers between application and DB server The benefits of this approach are dramatically faster data activation, data transformations, and query executions

Creating a Logical or Federated EDW with BW 7.4 By using the BW virtualization layer, you can now create a federated EDW Data can be linked and accessed through the HANA Smart Data Access (SDA) and ODBC to any source You can use a single query to BW and non- BW based EDWs through an Open ODS View or a Composite Provider There is no need to physically move data from other EDWs to BW to have a Federated EDW Many companies have multiple reporting systems that they want to integrate without writing ETL programs and moving data. SAP BW 7.4 on HANA can help you avoid this.

SAP HANA and BW 7.4 BW 7.4 on HANA introduces the Smart Data Access that allows us to create: Virtual tables (real-time) links to a source system CompositeProviders to link BW DSOs and “native” HANA views and tables A flexible, logical EDW that can be remodeled without moving data We also get a shared modeling tool based on Eclipse Using the new Operational Data Provisioning (ODP) we can also remove the need for PSAs, thereby simplifying data architectures and reducing data latency

SAP HANA and BW 7.4 — Open ODS View For BW 7.4, we get a new object called an Open ODS View This new object allows us to include external data models in BW and to query BW and non-BW data in a single BEx query In the past, BW has been criticized for the complexity to integrate non-BW data in an EDW. The new Open ODS View and the new CompositeProvider solve most of these issues.

Real-Time Data Warehousing Becomes Much Simpler Since SLT is now supported for Operational Data Provisioning to BW, we can push data in real time to BW InfoProviders in a much simpler manner The data in the Operational Delta Queue (ODQ) can also be used by other applications Again, since PSA is not required, the data flows get much easier to develop and maintain You should seriously consider this technology for real-time operational reporting and for the month-end financial close process

Read Access Logging In BW 7.4, you can also start logging read access for specific domains and users You can select specific fields to be monitored You can also monitor all operating processes of BW 7.4 using SAP Solution Manager 7.1 Do not turn on read access monitoring for all fields and users in large active BW systems. If you do so, the logs can get very large.

Using New Security Features For even more restrictive access and control, there are five new Authorization Objects in BW 7.4: S_RS_ODSV: Open ODS view S_RS_ODSP_H ODP: Extraction from SAP HANA RSHAAP for HANA analysis process RSHAOT for HANA analysis elements S_RS_HCPR SAP HANA for CompositeProvider authorizations For those on obsolete BW 3.5, or those who have not done a security conversion in 7.0, the new amortizations have to be activated

What We’ll Cover Why upgrade? Installation and components of SAP BW 7.4 New features of SAP BW 7.4 on HANA Possible approach when upgrading Step-by-step for upgrading SAP BW to SAP BW 7.4 Wrap-up

Step 1: Hardware Install, Dev Copy, and Sandbox Upgrade BW 7.x Sandbox BW 7.x Dev. Box BW 7.x QA Box BW 7.x Prod Box In this example, we are installing new hardware. This creates a lot of flexibility and less project risk! First, we copy the BW 7.x development box to the new hardware Second, we upgrade the new sandbox in a controlled manner and document all activities 1 An Example BW 7.4 Sandbox We want to create a repeatable process, so no ad hoc activities are allowed. Remember, extra time has to be set aside for notes research and unforeseen issues. BENEFITS: This is also a test run for upgrading the development box (!), thereby reducing the upgrade risk. After the upgrade, we also get a refreshed sandbox environment.

Step 2: Development Box Copy and Upgrade BW 7.x Sandbox BW 7.x Dev. Box BW 7.x QA Box BW 7.x Prod Box Now we have to freeze all development activities Normally, the work in the 7.x dev box is transported to QA for testing and the dev box is locked An Example 1 2 BW 7.4 Sandbox BW 7.4 Dev. Box Using the upgrade “runbook” and all steps collected and written during the sandbox upgrade, we are upgrading the new development box. This is intended to be a structured approach that is repeatable. The developers participate in in-depth testing of the new 7.4 dev box BENEFITS: The outage of the development box occurred after the sandbox upgrade and the development outage is minimized. This is also the second time we have upgraded the development box, so any issues should be well known.

Step 3: Production Box Copy and QA Upgrade BW 7.x Sandbox BW 7.x Dev. Box BW 7.x QA Box BW 7.x Prod Box We copy the production environment to the development box after all testing in the QA has been completed and all the objects have been transported to the production system 2 3 1 An Example BW 7.4 Sandbox BW 7.4 Dev. Box BW 7.4 QA Box Notice that no copies of Sandbox or QA are made. Instead, we get to upgrade the development box and the production box “twice.” This is a significant risk mitigation strategy, but requires that transports and client-dependent objects are switched back on the new Sandbox and QA systems BENEFITS: This approach turns the QA upgrade into a real “dress rehearsal” for the production box upgrade. Also, since we are switching the hardware, the risk to the upgrade is minimal (BW 7.x prod is not taken offline until after the upgrade).

Step 4: Production Box Copy and QA Upgrade BW 7.x Sandbox BW 7.x Dev. Box BW 7.x QA Box BW 7.x Prod Box You are now ready for the cutover weekend The best timing is to start the production box on Thursday evening after the BW system has completed data loads. A full backup is taken. The system is unavailable on Friday and is completely upgraded by Saturday 6 am Consider the time it takes for security conversion, unless already done in the 7.0/7.3 upgrade 2 1 An Example 3 4 BW 7.4 Sandbox BW 7.4 Dev. Box BW 7.4 QA Box BW 7.4 Prod Box Plan for having Basis and technical people working the night from Thursday to Friday and possibly to Saturday, depending how long the upgrade takes

What We’ll Cover Why upgrade? Installation and components of SAP BW 7.4 New features of SAP BW 7.4 on HANA Possible approach when upgrading Step-by-step for upgrading SAP BW to SAP BW 7.4 Wrap-up

Pre-Planning: BEx 3.5 Query Designer Is Obsolete BEx Query Designer 3.x is obsolete and not supported. The runtime and tools from SAP BW 3.5 are not available in version 7.4. SAP has created a tool that checks your system and will let you know what old query features you may be using that are no longer supported. The check tool can be found in SAP Note 1911469. More information on BEx 3.5 can be found in SAP Note 1932461 You can find step-by-step help to migrate your old BW BEx to 7.0 in the “cookbook note” 1807522

Pre-Checks: Make Sure You Are on the Right Release and PI The SUM (Software Update Manager) will run a check to see if your source system release is supported for the upgrade. You can also check this manually by going to System  Status  and look in the “Component Information” field. For those using Process Integration (PI): During the upgrade, the ICF (Internet Communication Framework) is deactivated by SUM, so check what you are running under the transaction code “SICF.” Also, if you are running the job “SWEQSRV” in the operation model (queuing), apply SAP Note 1405648 before upgrading. SAP also provides PI guidance on how to handle inactive RFCs and IDocs flagged in the integration repository. See the upgrade guide for SAP NetWeaver 7.4 on the SAP Service Marketplace.

Step-By-Step: Preparing for the Upgrade You should always start by downloading and reading the latest notes for your upgrade. These include: Database-specific notes from SAP Application-specific notes (see SAP Note 1751237) Central Software Update Manager notes The SUM will check your system and let you know if your source is compatible with the upgrade release you select

Useful Hints for Older 3.x Systems If some of the InfoSets become inactive, you can still use the program RSQ_ISET_MASS_OPERATIONS to activate all InfoSets If you are still on 3.5 queries or older versions (i.e., 3.1c, 3.0B), consider running the program RSR_GEN_DIRECT_ALL_QUERIES to regenerate all queries in the system into the 7.0 release BW 7.0 had a new transformation concept that replaced transfer and update rules, but not all companies have migrated. To do so now, you can convert the DataSources and the Persistent Staging Area to the new DTP process (see SAP Note 906789). [Note: the PSA becomes less important in 7.4 when using Operational Data Provisioning (ODP), since it does not use the PSA]. To test the conversion of the DataSources you can also run: RSSM_CREATE_REQDONE_FROM_SEL; RSSM_HASH_ENTRIES_CREATE for all requests; RSSTATMAN_CHECK_CONVERT_DTA; RSSTATMAN_CHECK_CONVERT_PSA.

Pre-Steps Before Staring SUM (Software Update Manager) To start the process, you will need some disk space for the SUM tool, the download directory, the Trans directory, as well as some space for the shadow system that will be created during the upgrade SAP recommends that you have at least the following disk space available in your source system: 20GB for the temporary download directory and the DIR_TRANS directories (each) 8GB for the SUM directory The size for the shadow system equal to the size found in this directory: \usr\sap\<sapsid> (Windows systems) /usr/sap/<SID> (IBM i systems) /usr/sap/<sapsid> (UNIX systems) During your upgrade, the SUM will create a “shadow” system for your non-data files and you will need some space for this

Upgrade Decision: Low, Standard, and High Resources A major decision is: Are you going to minimize the system downtime or do a low resource upgrade? The trade-off is between using more system resources or downtime. In the “standard” upgrade, you create a shadow system while the BW system is still operating. You turn off any archiving to make sure you do not miss any data and do your system backup right before the downtime starts. Therefore, you can do much of the upgrade before the downtime (shorten the outage). In a very high system resource upgrade, you also use a shadow system, but imports are much faster and you can keep archiving on (may create large logs), but downtime starts earlier. Most companies should use the standard upgrade method, unless their system is very small or they have limited resources. For those, the shadow system is created during the downtime.

Shadow System During the Upgrade Application Data Target Release SAP NW BW 7.4 XPRA Import & Data Conversion You use a shadow system to reduce the system outage Target Release System Application Data Source Release Target Release Shadow System - High system resource – locks system in the REPACHK2 phase - Standard system resource – locks system in the REPACHK2 phase - Low system resource – locks system in the LOCKEU_PRE phase Source Release System Target Release System SPDD Shadow System Installation Application Data Target Release BW 7.0 EhP1 (or higher) BW 7.x

Pre-Steps: BI Content Consistency Checks (Optional) If you suspect inconsistency in the BI content, or are planning to deploy new BI content, you can run the BI Content Analyzer. This can be as a transparent table or loaded to a DSO (tcode RSBICA) The automated BI Content Analyzer Checks include: Inactive Transfer Structure checks List of InfoObjects without an InfoObject Catalog Inconsistent Roles check Routines that refer to fixed, programmed structures Query Elements with Duplicate GUIDs Several Object Collection Errors Several Object Status checks Many checks for Inconsistent Naming Conventions To help plan any testing, you can also get a list of where the objects in your SAP NetWeaver system are used (SAP Note: 28022)

BW InfoCube Data Classes That Are Incorrectly Assigned DDART data classes may have been set up in your system that don’t follow standard naming conventions (see SAP Note 46272) These data classes were assigned to InfoCubes in the RSDCBE transaction. To correct a data class assignment you should use the report RSDG_DATCLS_ASSIGN. During the upgrade, if you don’t assign them correctly, these classes are lost and tables that are generated for the InfoCube may not be correctly activated To assure that all DataSources Web services run correctly after the upgrade, you could run RSDS_DATASOURCE_ACTIVATE_ALL after the upgrade (see SAP Note 1494272)

Other Optional Components: Adobe Jurisdiction Files and SLD If you are using Adobe Document Services (ADS), you must download the correct version of the unlimited strength jurisdiction policy files based on the Java Virtual Machine (JVM) of your target system. You will be automatically prompted by SUM if the existing files are not compatible. (see SAP Note 124008) For PI, you may also update the System Landscape Directory (SLD) content in your source system. You need Admin privileges to do this. The SLD has two components known as the component repository content and the common information model (CIM) data model You should always import the latest SLD before proceeding (SAP Note 669669)

The SAP_BW_HOUSEKEEPING Task List If you are on 7.0 SP32 of higher, you can generate an SAP BW Housekeeping tasks list and get automated help in cleaning the system weeks before upgrading it Check BW metadata with DDIC Delete RSTT traces Delete BW statistical data Delete Aggregate data via deactivation Ensure partitioned tables are correctly indexed for PSA Ensure request consistencies in the PSA Re-assign requests written into the incorrect PSA partition Verify DataSource segments assignment to PSA Deletes the entries no longer required in table RSIXW Clear all OLAP Cache parameters Repair InfoCube fact table indices at Data Dictionary level Reorganize and delete bookmark IDs and view IDs You first have to install the program from SAP Note 1829728 before you can generate the SAP_BW_HOUSEKEEPING task list using tcode STC01

The SAP_BW_BEFORE_UPGRADE Task List If you are on 7.0 SP31 or higher, you can generate an “SAP BW Before the Upgrade task list” and get help in preparing the system for the upgrade The more of these tasks you complete, the faster the upgrade may proceed since you are reducing size and complexity, while assuring that your system is ready for the 7.4 upgrade You first have to install the program from SAP Note 1734333 before you can generate the SAP_BW_BEFORE_UPGRADE task list using tcode STC01

The Application-Specific Upgrade (ASU) Toolbox Once you have completed the SAP_BW_HOUSEKEEPING and the SAP_BW_BEFORE_UPGRADE task lists, you can start the ASU schedule manager and prepare the environment While there are some overlapping tasks in these task lists, you are required to complete all tasks listed as “obligatory” You start the upgrade by executing the transaction /ASU/START (see SAP Note 1000009) The Direct Migration Option (DMO) for upgrading BW and moving to HANA at the same time also uses these task lists and the ASU toolbox. DMO is an option in the SUM tool.

Mandatory Tasks and Gotchas with BW 7.4 “The creation of a stack.xml via the Solution Manager and the usage of the ASU toolbox and/or the Upgrade tasks lists are mandatory” – SAP AG, 2015 If your system was upgraded from BW 7.0 or lower and you have already implemented the new analysis authorizations, you must migrate them to the transportable analysis authorizations analytics security object (TLOGO) so that they can be transported After the upgrade, plan on publishing any ITS services to the integrated ITS so that they all run properly

Software Update Manager (SUM) By using the Software Update Manager (SUM), you will select your target system and XML files that will be used step-by-step in the upgrade process The SUM tool will guide you in the download and works as a “wizard” during the upgrade It is very important that you select the right target for your upgrade. As of June 2015, it should be BW 7.4 Service pack 10 or higher. In SUM you now have an option to complete a Direct Migration Option (DMO) for upgrading your BW system and moving the BW system to HANA at the same time. This includes Unicode conversions, if needed.

Software Update Manager (SUM) (cont.) All steps, up to the preprocessing, can be done in the shadow system without any downtime in a production box If you have selected the high resource option, you can minimize the downtime even further. It is not abnormal for a mid-sized BW system to have outages during the upgrade that are as little as a few hours. After the preprocessing and prechecks are done, and you have completed step 5.6 “Execution,” you should start the postprocessing before releasing the system to users. This also includes a verification of the upgraded system.

Other Mandatory Tasks and Gotchas with BW 7.4 Some companies did not do the recommended security migration when upgrading to BW 7.0. They now have to migrate to the “new” analysis authorization concept. The old 3.x is no longer supported. Unicode conversion was also strongly recommended with the BW 7.0 upgrade, but many companies did not compete that either. Now it is required. The maximum length of characteristic values has been increased from 60 to 250 characters. This can cause issues with key fields that are also assigned to this domain (RSCHAVL), since the max field length may be exceeded. (Look in SAP Note 1879618 to avoid issues with this). Since this domain uses the data type “SSTRING” you should also test any custom coding using this data type. During the upgrade, the ASU will stop at the MODPROFP_UPG phase and you are required to complete a set of follow-up activities. Some must be done before you start the production system, while others can be done later.

What We’ll Cover Why upgrade? Installation and components of SAP BW 7.4 New features of SAP BW 7.4 on HANA Possible approach when upgrading Step-by-step for upgrading SAP BW to SAP BW 7.4 Wrap-up

Some of the features in BW 7.4 are HANA- specific Others are available for traditional RDBMs This is an overview of what is available for HANA and non-HANA BWs

Where to Find More Information http://help.sap.com/nw_platform SAP BW 7.4 SAP Core help website http://scn.sap.com/docs/DOC-35096 Michaela Pastor, “SAP Business Warehouse 7.4” (SCN, April 2015). http://scn.sap.com/docs/DOC-35784 Michaela Pastor, “SAP NetWeaver 7.4  BW ABAP Support Packages” (SCN, March 2015). Jesper Christensen and Joe Darlak, SAP BW: Administration and Performance Optimization (SAP PRESS, 2014).

7 Key Points to Take Home SAP BW 7.4 has significant benefits for both HANA and non-HANA customers SAP has created many tools and checklists to make the migration and upgrade as painless as possible For HANA customers, BW 7.4 is the best release (by far!) The new Direct Migration Option (DMO) allows you to upgrade and migrate your BW system to HANA in one project The continued use of a shadow system during the upgrade minimizes the downtime Older systems may need a little more love and care as part of the upgrade, and manual interventions may be required BW 7.4 has now been available for over 24 months and is a stable, solid release to migrate to

Please remember to complete your session evaluation Your Turn! How to contact me: Dr. Bjarne Berg bberg@comerit.com Please remember to complete your session evaluation

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