Theme Agriculture

Agricultural Systems The SahelSouthern California San Francisco San Diego

Source: The Sahel Burkina Faso Cameroon Chad Gambia Mali Mauritania Niger Nigeria Senegal Sudan

The Sahel -- Encyclopedia Britannica Arabic Sa hil, semiarid region of western and north- central Africa extending from Senegal eastward to The Sudan. It forms a transitional zone between the arid Sahara (desert) to the north and the belt of humid savannas to the south.

Source: Cape Verde, Gambia, Guinea Bissau, Senegal, Mauritania, Mali, Burkina Faso, Niger, Chad

The SahelSouthern California Less developedMore developed Nomadic herdingIrrigation farming Self subsistence farmingCommercial farming Famine Well-known food exporter Similar physical inputs

Physical inputs Dry climates High solar energy Low rainfall mm Infertile soil Drought

Cultural inputs The SahelSouthern California CapitalLowHigh Labour (education level) LowHigh Technology Low High Governance Poor Efficient Market Small + Local Large + Overseas

Technology The SahelSouthern California Simple, low cost, manualAdvanced, high cost, mechanical Dig wellsBuild dams, canals, reservoirs, drainage systems Plant treeSatellite Eco-friendly fertilizersChemical fertilizers

Outcome The SahelSouthern California Depends on international aids Gain more than US$2 billion a year

Technology The SahelSouthern California OvergrazingIncreasing arable land OvercultivationLarge scale construction  Deforestation  Loss of natural habitats  Desertification  Pollution Sustainable agriculture

Technology Advantages  productivity  quality  variety  health  production cost Disadvantages  pollution  habitats  biodiversity deforestation desertification  ecosystem Livelihood + Economy  Livelihood + Economy 