1. Africa
Geography

2. Standard SS7G1 The student will locate selected features of Africa.
a. Locate on a world and regional political- physical map: the Sahara, Sahel, savanna, tropical rain forest, Congo River, Niger River, Nile River, Lake Tanganyika, Lake Victoria, Atlas Mountains, and Kalahari Desert.
b. Locate on a world and regional political- physical map the countries of, Democratic Republic of the Congo (Zaire), Egypt, Kenya, Nigeria, South Africa, and Sudan.

3. Standard
SS7G3 The student will explain the impact of location, climate, and physical characteristics on population distribution in Africa.
a. Explain how the characteristics in the Sahara, Sahel, savanna, and tropical rain forest affect where people live, the type of work they do, and how they travel.
SS7G4 The student will describe the diverse cultures of the people who live in Africa.
a. Explain the differences between an ethnic group and a religious group.
b. Explain the diversity of religions within the Arab, Ashanti, Bantu, and Swahili ethnic groups.
c. Evaluate how the literacy rate affects the standard of living.

6. Africa
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7. Atlas Mountains

8. Atlas Mountains
A group of mountains mainly located in Morocco that separates the coastal regions from the Sahara—extends nearly 1500 miles.

9. Sahara Desert

10. Sahara Desert “The Great Desert” The largest “hot” desert in the world
Over 3.6 million sq miles
Very small population except for traders traveling from one place to another

11. Sahel

12. sahel
A dry and semi-arid transitional region between the Sahara and the savanna (grasslands)
Humans cutting down trees and allowing animals to overgraze is leading to increased desertification

13. African Savanna

14. African savanna A vast area of grassland and tropical habitats
Home to many animals like Zebras, Lions, Tigers, Elephants, Giraffes, etc.
Best farmland on the continent.

15. African Rainforest

16. African Rainforest
Tropical rainforests are located along the central coast.
Hot and humid climate; inches of rain/yr.
Home to many animal and bird species
Rapid population growth is threatening the rainforests

17. Standard
SS7G2 The student will discuss environmental issues across the continent of Africa.
a. Explain how water pollution and the unequal distribution of water impacts irrigation, trade, industry, and drinking water.
b. Explain the relationship between poor soil and deforestation in Sub-Saharan Africa.
c. Explain the impact of desertification on the environment of Africa from the Sahel to the rainforest.

18. Kalahari Desert

19. Kalahari desert Large desert in southern Africa
Gradually encroaching on surrounding areas
Semi-Arid: receives more rain than Sahara

20. Nile River
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21. Environmental issues
Deforestation – the destruction of trees and other vegetation
Drought – period of little rainfall
Desertification – The process of the desert expanding into areas that had formerly been farmland

23. Nile River

24. Nile river Longest river in the world.
Combination of White Nile and Blue Nile.
Flows northward over 4,258 miles from Lake Victoria to the Mediterranean Sea
Birth place and life source of the Egyptian civilization.
Provides food, water, transportation, and fertile soils for surrounding areas

25. Congo river

26. Congo River
3000 mile river that flows through the central and west African rainforests and empties into the Atlantic Ocean
Flows through the 2nd largest rainforest in the world
Covers 12% of Africa

27. Niger river Covers 7.5% of Africa Extends over 10 countries
2, 600 miles long
The main river in Western Africa

28. Water Wars
The fight over water is most likely the biggest issue in Africa
There is not enough clean, fresh water to support the population of Africa
There multiple rivers in Africa, but a majority of the water is polluted due to human/factory/animal pollution and overpopulation
The damming of rivers has disrupted the flow of water to countries downstream

29. Water Wars
Aswan High Dam – Dam of the Nile River in Egypt to enable irrigation year around
Stopped the floods of the Nile which provided silt (rich top soil) that fertilized the banks
Now Egyptians must use chemical fertilizers that have contaminated the soil
Niger River – vital transportation route to the people of the Sahel
Niger River dumps into the Atlantic at the “Oil Delta”