 A change in the direction of light as it moves from one type of substance into another. Figure 14-5 on p. 399 removed for copyright.

 Light moving into something more dense slows down and bends toward the normal line. Figure 14-6 on p. 400 removed for copyright.

 Light moving into something less dense speeds up and bends away from the normal line. Figure 14-7 on p. 401 removed for copyright.

 n 1 x sin of angle 1 = n 2 x sin of angle 2 where n 1 = refractive index of substance 1 and n 2 = refractive index of substance 2

 Refractive Index of Water (substance 1) = 1.33  Refractive Index of Air (substance 2) = 1.00  Angle 1 = 30°  Angle 2 = ? n 1 x sin of angle 1 = n 2 x sin of angle x (sin 30°) = 1.00 x (sin of angle 2) 1.33 x (0.5) = 1.00 x (sin of angle 2) = 1.00 x (sin of angle 2) = (sin of angle 2) 42 ° = angle 2

n 1 x sin of angle 1 = n 2 x sin of angle 2 1. Refractive index for substance 1 = 1.00, Refractive index for substance 2 = 1.50, Angle 1 = 45°,Angle 2 = ? 2. Refractive index for substance 1 = 1.33, Refractive index for substance 2 = 1.50, Angle 1 = 27°,Angle 2 = ?

3. Refractive index for substance 1 = 1.00, Refractive index for substance 2 = ?, Angle 1 = 30°,Angle 2 = 37° 4. Refractive index for substance 1 = 1.33, Refractive index of refraction for substance 2 = ?, Angle 1 = 25°,Angle 2 = 23°

 If a sample is too small to measure with Snell’s Law, the submersion method is used. Figures 14-8 and 14-9 on p. 402 removed for copyright.

 Lines created as refracted light concentrates along the edge of glass. Figures and on p removed for copyright.