The Israeli and Palestine Conflict "The past isn't dead; it isn't even past." William Faulkner.

Question: What are the roots of Israeli-Palestine Conflict today? Balfour Declaration: Document #1 Balfour Declaration: Document #1 Hussein Letter: “(2) Great Britain will guarantee the Holy Places against all external aggression and will recognise their inviolability. (3) When the situation admits, Great Britain will give to the Arabs her advice and will assist them to establish what may appear to be the most suitable forms of government those various territories. (4) On the other hand, it is understood that the Arabs have decided to seek the advice and guidance of Great Britain only, and that such European advisers and officials as may be required for the formation of a sound form of administration will be British.” Hussein Letter: “(2) Great Britain will guarantee the Holy Places against all external aggression and will recognise their inviolability. (3) When the situation admits, Great Britain will give to the Arabs her advice and will assist them to establish what may appear to be the most suitable forms of government those various territories. (4) On the other hand, it is understood that the Arabs have decided to seek the advice and guidance of Great Britain only, and that such European advisers and officials as may be required for the formation of a sound form of administration will be British.”

Council of Foreign Relations Clip

"No two historians ever agree on what happened, and the damn thing is they both think they're telling the truth." Harry S. Truman.

Causes of the Conflict Zionism Zionism WWI and the Ottoman Empire WWI and the Ottoman Empire Mandated and promised lands to both groups (Fear of French power) Mandated and promised lands to both groups (Fear of French power) The Holocaust The Holocaust Pressure and Partition Pressure and Partition

Changes

There were about 600,000 Jews in Palestine, almost all living in the areas allotted to the Jewish state or in the internationalize d zone of Jerusalem, and about 1.2 million Arabs.

Modern causes Independence 1948 Independence 1948 Arab Invasion Arab Invasion Sinai campaign and Arab nationalism Sinai campaign and Arab nationalism 1976: The 6-Day War **Cold War Politics** 1976: The 6-Day War **Cold War Politics**

Palestine/Israel after 1948 Palestine/Israel after 1948 The Arabs and Palestinians lost their initial advantage when they failed to organize and unite. When the fighting ended in 1949, Israel held territories beyond the boundaries set by the UN plan - a total of 78% of the area west of the Jordan river. The Arabs and Palestinians lost their initial advantage when they failed to organize and unite. When the fighting ended in 1949, Israel held territories beyond the boundaries set by the UN plan - a total of 78% of the area west of the Jordan river.

In the summer of 1956, Israel, France and Britain colluded in a plan to reverse the nationalization of the Suez canal. Israel would invade the Sinai and land paratroopers near the Mitla pass. Britain and France would issue an ultimatum, and then land troops ostensibly to separate the sides. The plan was carried out beginning October 29, Israel swiftly conquered Sinai. The US was furious at Israel, Britain and France. In the summer of 1956, Israel, France and Britain colluded in a plan to reverse the nationalization of the Suez canal. Israel would invade the Sinai and land paratroopers near the Mitla pass. Britain and France would issue an ultimatum, and then land troops ostensibly to separate the sides. The plan was carried out beginning October 29, Israel swiftly conquered Sinai. The US was furious at Israel, Britain and France.

Nasser stated: "The armies of Egypt, Jordan, Syria and Lebanon are poised on the borders of Israel...to face the challenge, while standing behind us are the armies of Iraq, Algeria, Kuwait, Sudan and the whole Arab nation. This act will astound the world. Today they will know that the Arabs are arranged for battle, the critical hour has arrived. We have reached the stage of serious action and not declarations." Nasser stated: "The armies of Egypt, Jordan, Syria and Lebanon are poised on the borders of Israel...to face the challenge, while standing behind us are the armies of Iraq, Algeria, Kuwait, Sudan and the whole Arab nation. This act will astound the world. Today they will know that the Arabs are arranged for battle, the critical hour has arrived. We have reached the stage of serious action and not declarations."

Outcomes The PLO and Intifada in the 1970s and 1980s  Oslo Accords and Camp David The PLO and Intifada in the 1970s and 1980s  Oslo Accords and Camp David The Second Intifada ( ) The Second Intifada ( ) Disengagement: *Israel’s goal is to reach a just settlement that would allow both Israelis and Palestinians to live in genuine peace and security* Disengagement: *Israel’s goal is to reach a just settlement that would allow both Israelis and Palestinians to live in genuine peace and security* Rise of Hamas Rise of Hamas Annapolis Peace Conference 2007 Annapolis Peace Conference 2007

Israel 2006