4.04 Understand the Functions and Disorders of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

4.04 Understand the Functions and Disorders of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM What are the functions of the endocrine system? What are some disorders of the endocrine system? How do you relate the body’s hormones to the endocrine system? 4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system

Functions of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM Glands What do they do? Target Organ/Cells What are they? Hormones What do they do? How do they get to where they need to go? 4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system

Functions of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM Glands secrete hormones Hormones What are they? What are some examples of target organs/cells? 4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system

Functions of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM Hormone Control Nervous System Sympathetic nervous system: How does it effect the endocrine system? 4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system

Functions of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM Hormone Control What is negative feedback? 4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system

Functions of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM Adrenal cortex Corticoids: What is the function of corticoids? Androgens: What do androgens do? Who has them? 4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system

Functions of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM Adrenal medulla Epinephrine: How does epinephrine effect the body? Norepinephrine: Compare epinephrine to norepinephrine. 4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system

Functions of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM Gonads Ovaries (female) Estrogen: What does it do? Progesterone: Compare the function of estrogen to progesterone. 4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system

Functions of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM Gonads Testes (male) Testosterone: What is the function of testosterone? Beards are the fastest growing hairs on the human body. What causes a beard to grow? 4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system

Functions of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM Parathyroid Glands Parathormone What does parathormone do? 4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system

Functions of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM Pancreas (Islets of Langerhans) Insulin What does insulin do? What factors influence its production? What is its relevance to your health? 4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system

Functions of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM Pituitary Gland (Master Gland) Two Lobes (Anterior and Posterior) 4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system

Functions of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM Pituitary gland (Anterior Lobe) Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) What is the function of ACTH? Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) Discuss the function of FSH. 4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system

Functions of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM Pituitary gland (Anterior Lobe) Growth hormone What does it do? Luteinizing hormone (LH) 4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system

Functions of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM Pituitary gland (Anterior Lobe) Prolactin What is the function of prolactin? Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) What is the function of TSH? 4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system

Functions of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM Pituitary gland (Posterior Lobe) Vasopressin What does it do? Oxytocin 4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system

Functions of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM Thymus Gland T-lymphocyte production What are they? What do they do? 4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system

Functions of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM Thyroid Gland Thyroxine What does thyroxine do? Calcitonin What is the function of calcitonin? 4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system

Disorders of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM 4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system

Disorders of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM Adrenal Cortex Addison's disease What is the cause of Addison’s disease? Low function of adrenal gland What are the most common symptoms of Addison’s disease? Skin bronzing, low blood lucose and low blood pressure How is Addison’s disease treated? Hormone replacement 4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system

Disorders of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM Before Adrenal Cortex Cushing's Syndrome What is a syndrome? Clinically recognizable features noticed by someone other than the pt What are some common symptoms of Cushing’s syndrome? Moon face and buffalo hump How is Cushing’s syndrome treated? Remove tumor or stop prednisone use Compare the before and after pictures at the right. After 4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system

Disorders of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM Adrenal Glands Steroid Abuse in Sports What are the risks? Males: cardiovascular disease, liver changes, shrinking testicles, breast enlargement Females: abnormal hair growth, amenorrhea Why is it illegal? Health risk outweigh the benefits 4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system

Disorders of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM Pancreas Diabetes Mellitus What is the normal blood sugar range? What are the most common symptoms? Define these terms: polyuria polyphagia polydipsia 4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system

Disorders of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM Pancreas Diabetes Mellitus (Type I) How is it treated? What age group is most commonly effected? 4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system

Disorders of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM Pancreas Diabetes Type II Compare Type I to Type II diabetes How is Type II diabetes treated? Discuss some of the complications of diabetes? Why does this happen? 4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system

Disorders of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM Pituitary Gland Acromegaly: excess secretion of growth hormone Compare acromegaly to gigantism. How is acromegaly treated? Inhibit growth hormone secretion 4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system

Disorders of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM Pituitary Gland Growth Hormone Deficiency (childhood) What are some common symptoms? Small stature and sexual immaturity How is it treated? Injection of human growth hormone 4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system

Disorders of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM Pituitary Gland Gigantism What causes gigantism? Increased function of pituitary gland What are the symptoms? Excessively tall How is it treated? Same as acromegaly 4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system

Disorders of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM Parathyroid Tetany (hypoparathyroid): What are the symptoms? twitching What are the treatments? Vitamin D, calcium and parathormone Discuss complications of tetany. Respiratory death 4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system

Disorders of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM Thyroid Gland Hyperthyroidism What does hyper- mean? excessive Discuss the symptoms of hyperthyroidism. Loss of weight and body fat, Hot flashes, goiter, bulging of eyes How is it treated? Total or partial removal of thyroid and meds to reduce secretion 4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system

Disorders of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM Thyroid Gland Hypothyroidism Compare hypo- to hyper-. Discuss the symptoms of hypothyroidism. Dry, itchy skin, dry brittle hair, muscle spasms How is it treated? Thyroid hormone supplementation 4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system

4.04 Understand the Functions and Disorders of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM What are the functions of the endocrine system? What are some disorders of the endocrine system? How do you relate the body’s hormones to the endocrine system? 4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system