Animal Cell Structure SECONDARY BIOLOGY MATTHEW SCHAEFFER

Main Menu

Nucleus  Houses most of the DNA and RNA in the cell  The nucleus controls the activity of the cell  The nucleus synthesizes ribosomes

Nucleolus  The center of the nucleus which synthesizes ribosomes  The nucleolus is the darker and more dense part of the nucleus  The nucleolus is housed within the nuclear envelope

Cell Membrane  The cell membrane as a semi-permeable barrier, that allows only some particles to pass through  The cell membrane is responsible for keeping in molecules required in high concentration  The cell membrane consists of a phospholipid bi-layer

Endoplasmic Reticulum  The endoplasmic reticulum transports molecules to their destination  The ER bound with ribosomes is known as the rough ER  The ER not bound with ribosomes is known as the smooth ER

Ribosome  Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis in the cell  Ribosomes are found in large numbers in the cell  The rough ER houses ribosomes, and some ribosomes are suspended freely in the cytoplasm

Mitochondria  The mitochondria is known as “the power house of the cell” for its role in the production of ATP  Mitochondria operate independently  The mitochondria is a spherical or rod shaped organelle

Golgi Complex  Golgi bodies are flattened packs of membrane sacks  Their role is in packaging and modifying molecules  The smaller units that are formed and utilized are known as vesicles

Vacuole  Vacuoles house and dispose of molecules typically associated with waste products  Enzymes are housed within each vacuole  The vacuole also plays a role in housing potentially harmful substances

Lysosome  Lysosomes contain enzymes for digesting materials  These enzymes are responsible for breaking down and recycling materials  Lysosomes are acidic

Cytoplasm  A gel-like fluid matrix that houses each of the organelle within the membrane  Cytoplasm is responsible for maintaining pressure in the cell  Cytoplasm houses the organelles within the cell

Which organelle is responsible for producing ATP?  A. Cytoplasm  B. Mitochondria  C. Nucleus

Incorrect  Although the cytoplasm is an important part of the cell, it is not considered an organelle.

Incorrect  The nucleus is responsible for housing most of the DNA and RNA but the chief role of producing ATP is given to another organelle.

CORRECT!  The mitochondria is the organelle which plays the largest role in producing ATP which gives it the name “the powerhouse of the cell.” Great Job! Click here to return to Start for the next student!