LRP WG3 Nuclear structure and dynamics

Navin Alahari Thomas Aumann Yorick Blumenfeld Peter Butler Hans Fynbo Andres Gadea Wolfram Korten Adam Maj Gerda Neyens Thomas Nilsson Robert Roth Patricia Roussel-Chomaz Christoph Scheidenberger Andrea Vitturi Dario Vretenar Convener: Rauno Julin NuPECC Liaisons: Angela Bracco, Maria Borge WG3 WG3 Members

Conveners guideline: Focus on the future ideas ! WG3

Introduction Theoretical aspect Onset of complexity Shell structure and isospin degree of freedom Superheavy elements Collective properties Reaction dynamics Ground-state properties Facilities and instrumentation Recommendations The main Chapters of the WG3 draft The main Chapters of the WG3 draft WG3

Nuclear structure physics Probing of a rich variety of quantum phenomena … … and even more in the untouched 6000 nuclei Diverse field Need a diverse set of tools, both theoretical and experimental Introduction WG3

Key questions How can we describe the rich variety of low-energy structure and reactions of nuclei in terms of the underlying fundamental interactions between individual particles? How can we predict the evolution of nuclear collective and single-particle properties as functions of mass and isospin, angular momentum and temperature? What are the relevant low-energy degrees of freedom that govern nuclear dynamics? How do regular and simple patterns emerge in the structure of complex nuclei? WG3 Introduction

Ab Initio methods Shell model Energy density functional methods Symmetries in nuclei and phase transitions Reactions Toward a unified description of nuclear structure and reactions WG3 Theoretical aspect

BOX example: WG3 Theoretical aspect

Linking nucleons with nuclei Weakly bound and unbound states Haloes, clusters and few-body correlations WG3 Onset of complexity (light nuclei)

Integral approach: The accelerator and separation facilities are parts of the experimental set-up. The target is a part of the detector system Higher RIB intensities and next generation instrumentation are required to study weakly bound states and to explore the drip-lines towards heavier elements. The system with the highest N/Z ever produced is 7 H. It was identified as a resonance in the 8 He( 12 C, 13 N) 7 H reaction at 15 MeV/nucleon. The active target MAYA was employed to measure kinematical correlations of the reaction residues. 7 H identification WG3 Onset of complexity

Changing shell structure Vanishing and new shell gaps in light nuclei Proton-neutron symmetric nuclear matter and the proton drip-line Limits of existence in proton-rich nuclei and the double magic 100 Sn Proton-neutron pairing and pairing at high isospin values Shell structure and isospin degree of freedom WG3

Collaps of the N = 28 shell closure in 42 Si 28 SPEG SISSI Secondary beams 48 Ca 44 S 44 S 42 Si Château de Crystal : 770 keV Wide range of intense RIBs, high-efficiency separators and gamma-ray arrays needed to probe new shell structures and isospin degree of freedom WG3 ALFA Shell structure and isospin degree of freedom

New elements Reaction dynamics Spectroscopy Masses and atomic structures Fission times Chemistry Towards neutron rich SHE WG3 Superheavy elements

High-intensity stable-ion beams, target developments and high-efficiency detectors and separators are needed in the future SHE research Hot-fusion cross-sections Taufe von Element 112, am 12. Juli 2010 um 10 Uhr Copernicium is a noble metal 1 pbarn WG3 Superheavy elements

Collective response of nuclei Evolution of nuclear collective properties with spin and temperature Shape coexistence, phase transitions and dynamical symmetries WG3 Collective properties

High-sensitivity gamma-ray spectrometers combined with various ancillary spectrometers and large variety of RIBs and stable-ion beams are vital for extending the studies of collective response and collective properties to exotic nuclei. Return of collective rotation at ultrahigh spin WG3 Collective properties

Fusion reactions Direct and deep-inelastic reactions Fission process Quasi free scattering WG3 Reaction dynamics

The striking observation of a strong quenching of the single-particle strength as a function of asymmetry of the neutron and proton separation energy Quasi-free scattering Knock-out reactions at high energies with RIB in inverse kinematics Exotic RIBs up to high energies and innovative spectrometer systems for kinematically complete measurements are needed WG3 Origin unclear ? Reaction dynamics

Charge and matter radii, nuclear moments and spins The future with laser spectroscopy methods at ISOL facilities The future with spin-oriented radioactive beams at in-flight facilities The future with relativistic radioactive beams Nuclear masses WG3 Ground-state properties

Hyperfine-structure and β -NMR measurement spin and magnetic moment the ground state of 31 Mg is an 2p-2h deformed intruder state N =50 Mass measurements N = 50 gap survives Very large variety of instruments and ion-beam manipulation methods needed.. Extreme RIBs are welcome. WG3 Ground-state properties

Facilities and instrumentation Accelerator facilities Present European facilities for nuclear structure and reaction studies FP7 – ENSAR – IA – TNA Facilities ALTO – Orsay SIB, (RIB) GANIL – Caen RIB, SIB GSI – Darmstadt RIB, SIB ISOLDE – CERN RIB JYFL – Jyväskylä SIB, (RIB) KVI – Groningen SIB LNL – Legnaro SIB LNS – Catania SIB, (RIB) RIB - Radioactive Ion Beam SIB - Stable Ion Beam

European small scale facilities for nuclear physics and/or applications including SPIRIT – FP7 – IA – TNA Facilities ENSAR – IA – JRA - ENSAR Facilities Facilities and instrumentation

Timelines for the RIB facilities Accelerator facilities RIB roadmap Stable ion beams along the NuPECC-ECOS report see the Recommendations WG3 Facilities and instrumentation

Instrumentation Identification and decay spectroscopy High-sensitivity gamma-ray and electron detection High-energy gamma-ray and charged particle calorimetry Versatile instrumentation for nuclear reactions Experiments at storage rings Ground state properties: Traps and lasers Technological challenges All large instrumentation projects in todays nuclear structure and reaction research are governed by a co-operation in R&D work between groups, who often represent different subfields of the community WG3 Facilities and instrumentation

AGATA CALIFA SAGE GASPARD PARIS FAZIA NEDA HYDE Large number of new state-off-the-art gamma-ray and particle detector arrays …... to be combined with other spectrometer systemsWG3 Facilities and instrumentation

Radioactive Ion Beam (RIB) Facilities The continued strongest support for the full completion and utilization of the international RIB facilities, and SPIRAL2, in coherence with the ESFRI recommendations. The strongest support for the full completion and utilization of HIE-ISOLDE, recently approved by CERN, and SPES, funded by INFN. These advanced ISOL facilities, together with SPIRAL2, will bridge the technological gap between present day facilities and EURISOL. The realisation of EURISOL. This long-term goal is the highest priority of our community for a future major facility that offers unique physics opportunities. Accession to the ESFRI list, based on the extensive Design Study for EURISOL carried out during the last decade, should be promoted in the near future. WG3 Recommendations

Stable-ion beam facilities Very strong support for existing and future stable-ion beam facilities. High-intensity stable-ion beams up to 100 pµA for studies of extremely weakly produced nuclei such as super-heavy elements. Installation of the high-intensity LINAG within the SPIRAL2 project and a dedicated cw-linac as proposed at GSI (NuSTAR-FAIR). Large variety stable-ion beams up to 100 pnA for in-beam studies, where the beam intensity is limited by the detector counting rates (JYFL, LNL and LNS). Other stable-ion beam facilities are needed for specific experiments, instrument development and testing, to reach large user communities and to allow for the education of next-generation researchers (TNA- and EWIRA- facilities of EU-FP7-IA-ENSAR) The long-term goal for a new dedicated high-intensity stable ion beam facility in Europe is recommended as an important future project. Role of ECOS network will be important. WG3 Recommendations

AGATA Very strong support for the swift realisation of the AGATA spectrometer AGATA 1/12 demonstrator now in operation at LNL The completion of the 1/3 of AGATA by 2013 and the realisation of the full AGATA spectrometer is importance for the successful exploitation of present and future radioactive and stable-ion beam facilities. WG3 Recommendations

Theory Initiative Integrating theory into the European nuclear physics infrastructure The large infrastructures should invest more into theory projects Funding of project-oriented, medium- and long-term theoretical initiatives at universities and laboratories. New permanent coordinating structure for advanced training at the European level needs to be implemented, either at ECT* or through new initiatives. Supporting ECT* Trento in its leading role as a training centre for young researchers, and an international venue for scientific meetings that involve both theorists and experimentalists. USA Universal Nuclear Energy Density Functional UNEDF 15 institutions $15M / 5 years Model project: WG3 Recommendations

Thank you for your attention WG3