Paris, November 2004 M. Lewitowicz NuPECC meeting Physics case of SPIRAL 2 and EURISOL SPIRAL2 and EURISOL facilities Available Beams Physics Case Conclusions

M. Lewitowicz Paris, November 2004NuPECC meeting 2. Fusion reaction with n-rich beams 1. Fission products (with converter) 4. N=Z Isol+In-flight 5. Transfermiums In-flight 3. Fission products (without converter) Primary beams: deuterons heavy ions 7. High Intensity Light RIB 6. SHE 8. Deep Inelastic Reactions with RNB Intermediate step between existing ISOL RIB facilities, and future projects like EURISOL or RIA. Heavy-Ion driver (A/Q=3, 14.5 AMeV, up to 1mA) fissions/s

M. Lewitowicz Paris, November 2004NuPECC meeting M. Lewitowicz Paris, November 2004 CIME Cyclotron RNB (fission-fragments) E < 6-7 MeV/u Production Cave C converter+UC x target > fiss./s SC - LINAC E = 14.5 AMeV HI A/Q=3 E = 40 MeV - 2 H Low energy RNB ECRIS-HI 1mA SILHI-deut. 5mA Investment: 72MEuros First beam: 2009

M. Lewitowicz Paris, November 2004NuPECC meeting 136 Sn: ~1/min Relatively easy beams: Cu, Zn, As, Se, Br, Kr, Rb, Ag, Cd, In, Sb, I, Xe, Cs Accelerated Beam Intensities (pps) Examples

Paris, November 2004 M. Lewitowicz NuPECC meeting Operation of SPIRAL2 & GANIL

M. Lewitowicz Paris, November 2004NuPECC meeting Two beams: 100µA 5mA Experimental area EURISOL Driver as proposed today : 1GeV proton SC-LINAC, up to 5mA (light heavy-ion option under consideration) Investment : 613MEuros First beam : > 2015

M. Lewitowicz Paris, November 2004NuPECC meeting Low energy (<670 keV/u) Astrophysics (<3.2 MeV/u) Medium energy (<18 MeV/u) High energy (<100 MeV/u) EURISOL - Post Accelerator & Experimental Area lay-out

M. Lewitowicz Paris, November 2004NuPECC meeting

M. Lewitowicz Paris, November 2004NuPECC meeting Kr isotopes Intensity (pps) SPIRAL 2 & EURISOL yields after acceleration compared to other ISOL facilities Mass Number

M. Lewitowicz Paris, November 2004NuPECC meeting Intensity (pps) EURISOL & FAIR yields after acceleration compared to other ISOL facilities Mass Number EURISOL FAIR

M. Lewitowicz Paris, November 2004NuPECC meeting Spins&Shapes Position of drip-lines N=Z rp-process Heavy and Super Heavy Elements r-process path Haloes & Structures in the Continuum Equation of State The Physics case of SPIRAL 2 & EURISOL Spins & Shapes Production of isotopes Beta beams Neutrons for science Shell structure far from stability

M. Lewitowicz Paris, November 2004NuPECC meeting Physics with Radioactive Ion Beams Reactions & Rates (From 0 to 100 MeV/n)

Paris, November 2004 M. Lewitowicz NuPECC meeting Nuclear Physics with SPIRAL 2 Beams: Examples Shells and shapes r-process Masses & half-lives Capture cross sections N=Z nuclei Halo nuclei (Ex. fusion and transfer reactions) Clusters and molecules Heavy nuclei & SHE

Paris, November 2004 M. Lewitowicz NuPECC meeting Ni 28 Cu 29 Zn 30 Ga 31 Ge 32 As 33 Se 34 Br 35 Kr 36 Rb 37 Sr 38 Y 39 Zr 40 Nb 41 Mo42 Tc 43 Ru 44 Rh Pd 46 Ag 47 Cd 48 In 49 Sn 50 Sb 51 Te 52 I 53 Xe 54 Cs 55 Ba 56 La 57 Ce 58 Pr 59 Nd 60 Pm 61 Sm 62 Eu 63 Gd 64 Tb 65 Dy 66 Ho Quadrupole deformation zone Spherical robust gaps Octupole deformation « Gaps » Spherical fragile gaps Deformed gaps Fission region

M. Lewitowicz Paris, November 2004NuPECC meeting Shape coexistence HF+BCS calculations F. Becker, P.Bonche, P.H. Heenen oblateprolate 74 Kr E(MeV) Z

Paris, November 2004 M. Lewitowicz NuPECC meeting gs band prolate: first measurement Oblate excited 2 + state 2 On-line Doppler corrected spectrum 76 Kr E. Bouchez et al. 74 Kr( 3.5 AMeV) Pb Q = -1.45(35) Q = -1.41(16) Q = 1.35(19) Q = -0.55(18) Coulex calculations : GOSIA Shape coexistence Results of SPIRAL experiments

M. Lewitowicz Paris, November 2004NuPECC meeting Neutron-rich nuclei as high-spin probes Key experiments possible with SPIRAL2/EURISOL and the AGATA array A search for hyperdeformation: For the reaction 132 Sn (10 9 / pps) + 48 Ca -> 180 Yb*, the cross section for forming a compound nucleus with angular momentum L 70 is expected to be around 100 mb, leading to some 10 8 / 10 9 high-spin events per day. Adopted from EURISOL Report 2003

Paris, November 2004 M. Lewitowicz NuPECC meeting rp process r process Future intensities (nuc/s) > neutrons protons X-ray burst (RXTE) Frequency (Hz) Time (s) 4U Metal poor halo stars (Keck, HST) Z E Supernova EC crust processes p process Courtesy of H. Schatz Masses, half-lives, P n values, isomeric states, neutron and proton capture cross sections...

M. Lewitowicz Paris, November 2004NuPECC meeting GSI Proj Pb, 209 Bi N residue (1n) Dubna 48 Ca + Actin ms s s Mt s Bh s Db h ms ms ms Mt ms Bh 271 Db min sp2 Kr/Xe + Hf/Xe Kr/Xe + Lu/I Kr/Sr/Sn/Sb/I/Xe + Yb/Er/Ba/Cs/I/Te Kr/Sr/Sn/Sb/I/Xe + Tm/Ho/Cs/Xe/Te/Sb Kr/Sr/Cd/Sn/Sb/I/Xe + Er/Dy/Ba/Xe/I/Sb/Sn SPIRAL 2: 90,91 Kr/ Xe pps Sr / Cd 10 8 pps Sn / Sb / I 10 9 pps

Paris, November 2004 M. Lewitowicz NuPECC meeting (~ n/s/cm 2 in 1 x 4 cm) Neutrons for science - NFS « IFMIF like » neutron source: High intensity neutron source for material science (for fusion reactors like ITER). (replaced by a carbon wheel) (10 14 n/s/cm 2 ) Spiral 2 should be able to provide comparable flux densities (~ lower) and similar neutron energy spectrum. 2x2 cm 2

Paris, November 2004 M. Lewitowicz NuPECC meeting Medical radioisotopes from EURISOL Adopted from EURISOL Report 2003

M. Lewitowicz Paris, November 2004NuPECC meeting For «ISOL» RNB facilities the planned SPIRAL2 project at GANIL, the proposal SPES at Legnaro and the upgrade of REX-ISOLDE at CERN as well as DRIBS, EXCYT, L-la-N, MAFF… will ensure the European leadership in the near future and prepare the ground for EURISOL. Next major steps: - Green light for the construction of SPIRAL 2 (in the coming months) - The funding through the 6th FW EU program of an EURISOL design study which includes major R&D (Accepted, 9.1MEuros requested) - Start the discussions to establish the partners and the site location of this new facility. CONCLUSIONS