Powered by Rock Earth's Energy Systems Dr Liam Herringshaw

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Presentation transcript:

Powered by Rock Earth's Energy Systems Dr Liam Herringshaw lgh865@hotmail.com

Class 7: Solar-Wind

Hydro, Landfill, Biomass, Solar, Wind UK Renewables 1990-2012 Hydro, Landfill, Biomass, Solar, Wind

Windy UK Windiest country in Europe World's 6th largest producer of wind power

Global stats China ~91 GW USA ~61 GW Germany ~34 GW Spain ~23 GW India ~20 GW UK ~10.5 GW

UK wind stats Turbines: ~4300 onshore ~7 GW capacity ~1000 offshore Produce ~26 TWh (~6m homes)

Increasing power Thursday March 6th 2014

Your Thoughts... Wind Power: Pros & Cons

Solar Power “The sun’s energy incident upon the earth in one hour is equivalent to our total annual energy consumption.” (Imperial College Solar Network)

Solar Power 22% of global electricity by 2050? International Energy Agency

Using the sun 1. Solar thermal 2. Solar photovoltaic: Using sunshine for direct heating of buildings or water. 2. Solar photovoltaic: Generating electricity. 3. Solar biomass: Using photosynthesizing organisms to make fuels, chemicals, or building materials. 4. Food: Solar biomass as fuel for ourselves

Getting solar-powered Type 1 – Photovoltaics (PV)

Getting solar-powered Type 1 – Photovoltaics (PV) Directly convert solar energy into electricity using a PV cell made of a semiconductor material. Fastest-growing renewable power source: 1.5 GW in 2000; 65 GW in 2011 (IEA)

Solar Power Type 2 – Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) Focus energy from sun’s rays to heat a receiver to high temperatures. Heat transformed into mechanical energy (by turbines or other engines) then into electricity.

Solar Power Type 2 – Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) Solucar complex, Seville, Spain Largest solar complex in Europe 1st solar towers in the world

Solar UK Solar potential map Low but similar to Germany, which has solar power capacity of ~36 GW (Jan 2014)

Solar UK Current UK solar power capacity: ~2.5 GW (Massive PV growth in 2011) 20 GW by 2020?

Solar Power: Pros & Cons Your Thoughts... Solar Power: Pros & Cons

Raw materials Vidal et al. - Nature Geoscience (2013)

Rare earths & renewables Neodymium Very powerful magnet 300kg in one wind turbine Chinese mines

Perovskites & Photovoltaics New semiconductor technology 85% of PV cells based on crystalline silicon 10-20% efficient Perovskites: High charge-carrier mobility Less energy lost as heat Perovskite, CaTiO3

Space for wind? Offshore winds stronger Shallow sea bed viable Dogger Bank: ~7 GW

Space for solar? San Bernandino County, California

A windy, sunny future for the UK? VOTE!

Next week: Reviewing The Options New room: Alcuin College