The Counter-Reformation World History - Libertyville HS

Areas of Reform Doctrine – a set of accepted beliefs of the Catholic faith Reform minded popes New religious order established

Doctrinal Changes Council of Trent (1545) – Bishops, cardinals reviewed Catholic doctrine – Rejected any compromise with Protestant reformers – Decisions of Council of Trent Church interpretation of Bible is final Need faith AND good works for salvation Bible, Church traditions are equal authority Indulgences are ok BUT selling false ones are banned Seminaries established to train new priests

Reform Minded Popes Paul III – Limited indulgences – Approved Jesuit order Paul IV – “Index of Forbidden Books” – burned books that were considered “dangerous” to Catholics – Re-constituted Inquisition as anti-Protestant tool

Religious Order: Jesuits “Society of Jesus” Founder = Ignatius of Loyola (Spanish – ) – Founded Society in 1522 – Wrote Spiritual Exercise: day by day plan of meditation, prayer, study – Many followers 1540 – Pope made Jesuits an official religious order

Jesuit Order Main activities – Found schools and educate Catholics Educated many royal, noble children – Missionary work around world, converting non- Catholics – Stopping the spread of Protestantism (“Soldiers of Christ”)

Successes of Jesuits Organized along military lines Rigorously trained and educated members became confessors, teachers to monarchs and princes Were examples to the rest of the Catholic world as the best of the Catholic Church Helped stop the spread of Protestantism in Germany, Poland, Hungary, France Missionary work in New World, Asia