1. Counter-Reformation
Counter Reformation = Catholic Reformation or…the Catholic Church fights back!

3. Council of Trent
1545 – 1563
The council was made to address Protestant disputes
Main objective was to condemn Protestant doctrine and define the Catholic Church’s doctrine

4. Major Results
The Catholic Church’s interpretation of the Bible was final
Anyone who substituted their own interpretation was a heretic
Salvation by faith and works was defined
Decrees were issued for Catholic Church practices such as indulgences
Decree is a law
Abuse of indulgences were no longer allowed

5. Jesuits Ignatius of Loyola Intellectual group of Catholic Priests
Founder
Wrote “Spiritual Exercises”
Guide for Jesuits
Intellectual group of Catholic Priests
Major goals
Stop the spreading of Protestantism
Spread Catholic teachings through missions
Establish Catholic schools and colleges

6. Major Successes Clarified Catholic Church doctrine
Groups like the Jesuits spread ideas
The Catholic Church recognized that it needed reform
Ended abuse of the Catholic Church
Found a way to reform that didn’t require war