Exploring Business 2.0 © 2012 Flat World Knowledge Chapter 15: Managing Information And Technology

Exploring Business 2.0 © 2012 Flat World Knowledge Chapter Objectives 1.Distinguish between data and information. 2.Define information system (IS) and identify the tasks of the information systems manager. 3.Explain how IS managers capture, store, and analyze data. 4.Discuss ways in which an IS can be designed to meet the needs of individuals at various organizational levels.

Exploring Business 2.0 © 2012 Flat World Knowledge Chapter Objectives 5.Describe the main systems for sharing information through networked computers. 6.Define cloud computing and identify its advantages and disadvantages. 7.Explain how four networking technologies—the Internet, the World Wide Web, intranets, and extranets—make data communication possible. 8.Identify and discuss challenges faced by companies engaged in e-commerce. 9.Identify career opportunities in information management.

Exploring Business 2.0 © 2012 Flat World Knowledge Data versus Information “…data: unprocessed facts.” “…information: data that have been processed, or turned into some useful form.”

Exploring Business 2.0 © 2012 Flat World Knowledge Information System “…the combination of technologies, procedures, and people who collect and distribute the information needed to make decisions and coordinate and control company- wide activities.”

Exploring Business 2.0 © 2012 Flat World Knowledge IS Management  Chief Information Officer  Chief Technology Officer  Information Managers Determine information needs Collect data Convert data into information Direct information

Exploring Business 2.0 © 2012 Flat World Knowledge Differing Information Needs  Top Managers Planning Setting Objectives Strategic Decisions  Middle Managers Allocate Resources Oversee Activities  First-Line Managers Supervise Employees Oversee Daily Operations Coordinate Activities

Exploring Business 2.0 © 2012 Flat World Knowledge Information Needs and Flows

Exploring Business 2.0 © 2012 Flat World Knowledge Need To Share Information z Integrated IT z Enterprise Resource Planning System

Exploring Business 2.0 © 2012 Flat World Knowledge ERP System

Exploring Business 2.0 © 2012 Flat World Knowledge Data and Databases 5 Databases 5 Data Warehouse 5 Data Mining Customer Behavior

Exploring Business 2.0 © 2012 Flat World Knowledge Data Mining Process

Exploring Business 2.0 © 2012 Flat World Knowledge Types Of Information Systems Operations Support Transaction Processing Process Control Design & Production Management Support Management information Decision support Executive information Artificial Intelligence Expert Face-Recognition

Exploring Business 2.0 © 2012 Flat World Knowledge Transaction Processing System

Exploring Business 2.0 © 2012 Flat World Knowledge Design And Production Systems  Computer-Aided Design  Computer-Aided Manufacturing  Computer-Integrated Manufacturing  Flexible Manufacturing

Exploring Business 2.0 © 2012 Flat World Knowledge Decision Support Systems

Exploring Business 2.0 © 2012 Flat World Knowledge Executive Information Systems “…provides ready access to strategic information that’s customized to … and presented in a convenient format..”

Exploring Business 2.0 © 2012 Flat World Knowledge Artificial Intelligence  Artificial Intelligence Applications Expert Systems Face-Recognition Technology The science of developing computer systems that can mimic human behavior

Exploring Business 2.0 © 2012 Flat World Knowledge Computer Networks h Applications Software h Local-Area Network h Wide-Area Network

Exploring Business 2.0 © 2012 Flat World Knowledge Local Area Network

Exploring Business 2.0 © 2012 Flat World Knowledge Cloud Computing “… performing computer tasks using services provided over the Internet”

Exploring Business 2.0 © 2012 Flat World Knowledge Application of Cloud Computing Companies can contract for various cloud computing services. These include: –Software-as-a Service (SssA) Gives companies access to a large assortment of software packages –Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS) Provides users with hardware, including servers, network equipment and disk space –Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS) Provide services that enable users to develop customized web applications

Exploring Business 2.0 © 2012 Flat World Knowledge Advantages of Cloud Computing Advantages of Cloud Computing 1.Cost savings 2.Speed of Delivery 3.Scalable 4.Employees Can Be Mobile 5.Information Technology Staff

Exploring Business 2.0 © 2012 Flat World Knowledge Disadvantages of Cloud Computing 1.Disruption in Internet Service 2.Security 3.Service Provider System Crash

Exploring Business 2.0 © 2012 Flat World Knowledge Data Communication Networks : Internet Internet Service Providers World Wide Web/Browsers : Intranets : Extranets “…transmit digital data… from one computer to another using...wired and wireless communication channels.”

Exploring Business 2.0 © 2012 Flat World Knowledge Technology Of The Web  Web Pages  Web Sites  Webmaster  Home Page  Uniform Resource Locator  Web Server  Search Engine

Exploring Business 2.0 © 2012 Flat World KnowledgeIntranets/Extranets Intranet “…a private network using… technologies… available only to employees....” Firewall Software that controls access to an Intranet Extranet “…intranet… partially available to certain parties outside the organization.”

Exploring Business 2.0 © 2012 Flat World KnowledgeExtranet

E-Commerce “…conducting business over the Internet...”

Exploring Business 2.0 © 2012 Flat World Knowledge Business Uses Of The Internet  Presenting Information  Selling Products  Distributing Digital Products  Acquiring Goods/Services  Virtual Company

Exploring Business 2.0 © 2012 Flat World Knowledge Electronic Data Interchange & Value-Added

Exploring Business 2.0 © 2012 Flat World Knowledge Security Issues In Electronic Communication  Data Security  Malicious Programs  Spoofing  Revenue Theft  Risks to Customers

Exploring Business 2.0 © 2012 Flat World Knowledge Malicious Programs  Viruses  Worms  Trojan Horses

Exploring Business 2.0 © 2012 Flat World Knowledge Types Of Revenue Theft  Denial of Service  Piracy

Preventing Unwanted Intruders Firewalls: –Act as a gatekeeper –Inspects and screens all incoming messages to prevent unwanted intruders –Regulates outgoing traffic to preventing employees from sending out confidential data Exploring Business 2.0 © 2012 Flat World Knowledge

Risks To Customers  Credit-Card Theft  Password Theft  Invasion of Privacy

Exploring Business 2.0 © 2012 Flat World Knowledge How Cookies Work

Exploring Business 2.0 © 2012 Flat World Knowledge Shoring Up Security And Building Trust Encryption “…process of encoding data so...only individuals (or computers) armed with a secret code (or key) can decode it.” Certificate Authority “…a third party… verifies the identity of the responding computer and sends you a digital certificate stating that it trusts the site.”

Exploring Business 2.0 © 2012 Flat World Knowledge Careers In Information Management Requirement for entry-level IS jobs: –Bachelor’s degree with information systems major –Can supplement with minors in computer science or a business area

Exploring Business 2.0 © 2012 Flat World Knowledge Careers In Information Management Management path or Technical path Senior Officers: Chief Information Officer and Chief Technology Officer