Pageant 16-19 Review. Southern Aristocracy Planter aristocracy dominated society and politics White farmers made up the majority of the population Landless.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
CAUSES OF THE CIVIL WAR.
Advertisements

Begin $100 $200 $300 $400 $ StrugglesWhigsPlacesPeople This N’ That.
The Nation Divides The Road to the Civil War. The Debate Continues Wilmot Proviso – 1846 David Wilmot proposed that slavery be banned from the Mexican.
The Road to the American Civil War Early attempts at containing slavery A Series of Compromises Uncle Tom’s Cabin and Incidents of Suspicions.
Chapter 10 The Union in Peril
The 1850s: Road to Secession.
SECTIONALISM The Union in Crisis. Slavery Divides the Nation Northern Views on Slavery  African Americans inferior in North  Many Northerners were never.
10.1: Slavery, States’ Rights, & Western Expansion
Chapter 15 Slavery and the West Country is fighting over slavery Sectionalism grows Henry Clay proposes Missouri Compromise Preserved balance in Senate.
Some Whigs grew more impassione d about ending slavery and more convinced that the national Whig party would never take a strong stand against it. These.
The 1850s: Road to Secession.
A Mighty Avalanche-Issues Chart Causes of the Civil War.
Causes of the Civil War 10 Critical Events. US-Mexican War ( ) Starts with a fight over Texas Results in the addition of lots of new territory (S.W.
Missouri Compromise The issue of slavery and the movement West.
The Road to the Civil War 17-3, 18-1, 18-2, and 18-3.
Slavery & the West Sectionalism: An exaggerated loyalty to a particular region of the country.
Slavery and States’ Rights Lincoln, Secession, and War
Road to the U.S. Civil War. Economic & Social Divisions, Distrust & Political Conflict → War The South was dependent on growing cotton and slavery A growing.
C ALL TO F REEDOM HOLT HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON Beginnings to A DIVIDED NATION (1848–1860) Section 1: The Debate over Slavery Section 2: Trouble.
The Road to the American Civil War- Day 1. Early Attempts to Contain Slavery: REVIEW 1820: Missouri Compromise divides the nation at the 36 30’ parallel.
(2:4) 11th President: James K. Polk ( )
Sectional Conflicts Grows Wilmot Proviso Zackary Taylor’s Plan Compromise of 1850 Kansas-Nebraska Act John Brown.
Issues Leading to the Civil War Standard SS8H6a. States’ Rights –States are sovereign – subject to no higher power except for those specifically granted.
C ALL TO F REEDOM HOLT HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON Beginnings to The Missouri Compromise (1820) Addressed two issues: the expansion of slavery the.
THE ROAD TO CIVIL WAR CHAPTER 18/ election Dem-Gen. Lewis Cass Whigs-Taylor (Fillmore as VP) Free Soil—Van Buren “free soil, free speech, free.
Ch 14 Review PoliticiansConflicts Political Parties Legislation Stirring Tensions
The Coming of the Civil War The Impending Crisis Two Nations.
Mr. Johnson APUSH Hopewell High School SECTIONAL CRISES OF THE 1850S.
NATIONALISM becomes a victim of sectionalism (giving loyalty to a state or region rather than to the nation), thus giving rise to states’ rights issues.
America: On the Road to Civil War Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo: –U.S. gains land (California and New Mexico territories) –Mexico is paid.
Territory Review Texas was annexed in 1845
Chapter 14.  The Compromise of 1850  Popular Sovereignty  Zachary Taylor  Henry Clay  The Fugitive Slave Act.
Road to the Civil War Steps leading to secession.
Slavery Divides a Nation Setting the Scene… Year – 1820 President – James Monroe Thomas Jefferson voices his opinion of slavery. 11 free states 11 slave.
Uneasy Balances Gag Rule (in Congress)Gag Rule (in Congress) More states entering union: AK (Slave), MI (Free), TX (slave)More states entering union:
Problems of Sectional Balance in 1850  California statehood.  Southern “fire-eaters” threatening secession.  Underground RR & fugitive slave issues:
Problems of Sectional Balance in 1850  Wilmot proviso– stated that slavery would be banned in any territory gotten from the war with Mexico  Free soil.
North and South Divided.  Northwest Ordinance (1787) – Prohibited slavery in the Northwest Territory  1808 – International Slave Trade banned  Missouri.
Growing Tensions & Failed Compromises Chapter 14.
Did westward expansion cause the Civil War?. Know-Nothing Party Nativism – policy of accepting natural born Americans over immigrants Claimed they would.
The Union in Peril.
The Divisive Politics of Slavery
Section 1: THE NATION SPLITS APART. BLEEDING KANSAS The victory over Mexico in 1848 raised questions about continued expansion… Would new territories.
CIVIL WAR CAUSES. Review Who were the abolitionists? Name 3. What did they do? What is Missouri Compromise? What is the Wilmont Proviso What is the Compromise.
Mr. Buttell Board Notes West Broward HS APUSH. Free Soil Party Free Soil! Free Speech! Free Labor! Free Men!  “Barnburners” – discontented northern Democrats.
Warm Up 1. List as many causes of the civil war as you can think of. -1 minute 2. Write the effect of each event in 5 words or less. – 1 minutes 3. Turn.
Two Nations NorthSouth Against slavery, but prejudice exists. Pro-slavery – viewed it as one big happy family. Believes the North is motivated by profit.
Northern Views on Slavery Those in the North viewed slavery as barbaric and morally wrong. Abolitionist used pictures such as this one to show the brutality.
Compromise of 1850 California admitted as a free state Slave trade ended in D.C. Texas gave up western lands Rest of the Mexican Cession open to slavery.
The 10 events that led to the American Civil War.
Chapter 10. Uncle Tom’s Cabin Harriet Beecher Stowe Published in 1852 Sold millions of copies Simon Legree he was from the north and moved to the south,
Jeopardy Slavery Debate Trouble in Kansas Political Divisions Secession Misc. Q $100 Q $200 Q $300 Q $400 Q $500 Q $100 Q $200 Q $300 Q $400 Q $500 Final.
18. RENEWING THE SECTIONAL STRUGGLE 1848 – Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo Ended the war with Mexico Debate over extension of slavery North supports.
The Union in Peril Ch.10. Bell Ringer What major issues have we discussed so far this semester? Why do you think manifest destiny will lead to further.
The Politics of Separation
The Road to the Civil War. The Road to War, Causes of War: Slavery, but what else? ◦ Westward Expansion (of slavery) ◦ State’s Rights ◦ Abolitionists.
Problems of Sectional Balance in 1850  California statehood.  Southern “fire-eaters” threatening secession.  Underground RR & fugitive slave issues:
James Buchanan - Democrat 15 th President
The Makings of War.
The Nation Splits Chapter 10.
The 1850s: Road to Secession.
The 1850s: Road to Secession.
CALL TO FREEDOM--Beginnnings to 1877
Ch. 15 Sec. 3, 4 “Political Divisions & Nation Divides” P
Causes of the Civil War 10 Critical Events.
Nation Divided.
The 1850s: Road to Secession.
Causes of the Civil War Chart
The 1850s: Road to Secession.
Sectional Conflict Section 1.
Presentation transcript:

Pageant Review

Southern Aristocracy Planter aristocracy dominated society and politics White farmers made up the majority of the population Landless whites- poor, supported slavery Mountain whites – opposed slavery and rich planters

Slavery Population increased due to natural reproduction Most slaves raised in stable two- parent homes Discouraged immigrants from migrating to the South Most Southern whites could not afford slaves ¼ of Southerners owned slaves

Upper South More common for forced separation of families and spouses

Cotton Kingdom Accounted for half the value of all US exports after 1840 South produced more than half the world’s supply of cotton 75% of British supply came from the South Quick profits drew planters to its economic enterprise

Abolitionists Southern- Silenced in the early 1830s Northern- Critics in North felt they were creating disorder in the US

American Colonization Society Dedicated to sending freed blacks to Africa 15,000 sent over the next three decades

Northerners Supported the black race, but disliked blacks as individuals Many were against the expansion of slavery, because they wanted to avoid blacks

Freed Blacks Prohibited from many trades and professions Segregated education Voting restrictions

Post 1830 South was were the minority compared to the rest of the world with their support of slavery

Southern Subsistence Farmers Too poor to have slaves Relied on corn as their main crop Defended slavery- possibility of upward mobility, and racism

Deep South South Carolina, Florida. Mississippi, Alabama and Louisiana- near or over 50% of population was slaves More likely for slave families to be in tact than upper South

Election of 1840 Harrison wins Tyler on the ticket as a states’ rightist

John Tyler From Virginia Joined the Whig Party because he was anti-Jackson

Manifest Destiny View that God ordained the US to stretch across the continent Motivations- land, trade with Asia, fear of foreign intervention

Election of 1844 Polk- Democrat- felt victory was a mandate for Manifest Destiny Henry Clay- Whig- t old Southerners he was for annexing Texas, told Northerners he was against annexation

War with Mexico Polk hoped to fight a limited war Anti slavery forces opposed Polk’s expansionist policies US eventually paid $15 million, and received territory including New Mexico, Arizona and California

War with Mexico

US – Britain Disputes Oregon- resolved when the British thought the area wasn’t worth fighting for Maine- concluded with the Webster- Ashburton Treaty

Oregon Territory U.S. missionaries were instrumental in strengthening and saving American claims

California First European settlers were Spanish

Texas Coveted by British abolitionists Hoped to prove that cotton could be produced without slaves

Wilmot Proviso Slavery would be banned from all territory gained in the war with Mexico Twice passed the House, but never the Senate Slavery

California Gold Ended the power of Californios Help lead to statehood at an increased speed

John C. Calhoun Strong proponent of states rights and slavery Felt that local authorities should decide on slavery- not congress

Transcontinental Railroad Douglas wanted a northern route Viewed as a way to keep the west “connected” to the rest of the US

International Attempts to Expand Slavery Nicaragua- Southern adventurers attempted to take it by force Cuba- Ostend Manifesto- take it by force if a sale price couldn’t be negotiated

Compromise of 1850 California- free, New Mexico and Arizona- popular sovereignty No slave trade in Washington DC Tougher Fugitive Slave Law Daniel Webster’s March 7 th speech was a call for compromise and national unity Aided by Taylor’s death and Fillmore’s ascension to the presidency

Free Soilers Supported westward expansion Felt slavery would have a negative affect on working men’s wages Wanted free government homesteads for settlers

Popular Sovereignty Promoted by Stephen Douglas Fit in with democratic tradition of self-determination

Matthew Perry Opened Japan to the US

Kansas-Nebraska Douglas proposed popular sovereignty to determine slave status Lawrence recognized by the House of Representatives Lecompton recognized by Buchanan Dissolved into a civil war

1848 Presidential Election Zachary Taylor (Whig) defeat Lewis Cass (Dem) Taylor- national hero, slaveholder from Louisiana Cass- Michigan, pro-slavery leanings Slavery was not a main issue

Harriet Tubman Helped slaves escape to Canada

1850s Politics National leaders agreed to NOT discuss slavery

John Brown’s Raid Viewed as a martyr by some in the North Viewed as representing Northern Republicans by the South

1850s Nativists Anti-Catholic and anti-foreign attitudes Supported the Know-Nothing Party in 1856

Personal Liberty Laws Passed in the North stating people did not have to help return runaway slaves Response to Compromise of 1850 Struck down by the Supreme Court

1852 Election Franklin Pierce- Democrats- reunited after divisions of ’48 Winfield Scott- Whigs- divided on sectional lines Pierce wins- friendly with his Sec. of State- Jefferson Davis

Dred Scott Case Ruled that slaves were not protected by the Constitution Slavery could not be prohibited in territories by congress Owners could not have slaves taken without due process Supported by proslavery Southerners

Election of 1856 Buchanan (Pa)- nominated as a Democrat- proslavery Fremont (Ca)- nominated as a Republican- anti-slavery Fillmore (NY)- nominated Know- Nothing- anti- immigrant Victory for Buchanan Southerners threatened that a Republican victory would result in war

James Buchanan Had a pro slavery cabinet Felt Congress could not legislate slavery Believed the Constitution did not authorize him to use force to prevent Southern secession

Brooks-Sumner Fight Sumner (Mass) had verbally assailed Butler (SC) Brooks attacked Sumner for revenge Revealed the passionate divisions over slavery

Uncle Tom’s Cabin Brutal account of families separated by slavery Resulted in many Northerners not enforcing the Fugitive Slave Law Widely read in Europe- made common person against slavery

Panic of 1857 Affected by the end of the Crimean War Partially a result of over speculation and falling farm prices Led to a call for a higher tariff Revived the sectional controversy of tariff levels

Lincoln-Douglas Debates Douglas’s Freeport Doctrine- slavery would stay down if people voted it down Lincoln- believed congress had the right to regulate slavery

1860 Election Lincoln- Republican- party widens their platform- doesn’t campaign in South Democrats- split- Northern- nominate Douglas Southern-nominate Breckinridge Union Party- nominates Bell- attempting to prevent secession

Secession South Carolina first- Dec. 20, 1860 Followed by Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, Texas