Unit 8 Lesson 3 What Body Parts Enable Movement, Support, Respiration, and Circulation? Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 1

Unit 8 Lesson 3 What Body Parts Enable Movement, Support, Respiration, and Circulation? Florida Benchmarks SC.5.L.14.1 Identify the organs in the human body and describe their functions, including the skin, brain, heart, lungs, stomach, liver, intestines, pancreas, muscles and skeleton, reproductive organs, kidneys, bladder, and sensory organs. SC.5.L.14.2 Compare and contrast the function of organs and other physical structures of plants and animals, including humans, for example: some animals have skeletons for support—some with internal skeletons, others with exoskeletons—while some plants have stems for support. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 2

Strong Bones and Mighty Muscles Unit 8 Lesson 3 What Body Parts Enable Movement, Support, Respiration, and Circulation? Strong Bones and Mighty Muscles Bones are organs that support and protect your body and store minerals. Bones are attached to muscles to help your body move. Bones also make blood cells. Bones are made of a hard outer layer and a spongy inner layer. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 3

Strong Bones and Mighty Muscles Unit 8 Lesson 3 What Body Parts Enable Movement, Support, Respiration, and Circulation? Strong Bones and Mighty Muscles The place where two or more bones meet is called a joint. Ligaments connect the bones of a joint. Cartilage cushions the ends of bones. Bones, ligaments, and cartilage form the skeletal system. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 4

Strong Bones and Mighty Muscles Unit 8 Lesson 3 What Body Parts Enable Movement, Support, Respiration, and Circulation? Strong Bones and Mighty Muscles Muscles are organs that contract to produce movement in the body. Muscles often work in pairs. One muscle contracts while another muscle relaxes. Muscles are part of the muscular system. Muscle movement can be voluntary or involuntary. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 5

Strong Bones and Mighty Muscles Unit 8 Lesson 3 What Body Parts Enable Movement, Support, Respiration, and Circulation? Strong Bones and Mighty Muscles There are three types of muscles. The heart is made of one type. The walls of blood vessels and organs are made of another type of muscle. A third type of muscles pulls bones to help us move. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 6

Unit 8 Lesson 3 What Body Parts Enable Movement, Support, Respiration, and Circulation? Strength and Motion Plants can have thick stems to give their bodies support. Some plants respond to touch. Some animals have a hard outer layer called an exoskeleton. Other animals use flippers or tube feet to move in water. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 7

Unit 8 Lesson 3 What Body Parts Enable Movement, Support, Respiration, and Circulation? Breathe In, Breathe Out Organs in the respiratory system bring in oxygen and release carbon dioxide. The lungs are spongy organs that expand to fill with air. Air enters the body through the nose or mouth and flows through a tube in the throat called the trachea. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 8

Unit 8 Lesson 3 What Body Parts Enable Movement, Support, Respiration, and Circulation? Breathe In, Breathe Out The trachea branches into two smaller tubes called bronchi. Bronchi branch into many bronchioles in the lungs. Tiny sacs called alveoli are attached to bronchioles. They inflate and deflate as you breathe. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 9

Unit 8 Lesson 3 What Body Parts Enable Movement, Support, Respiration, and Circulation? Breathe In, Breathe Out Red blood cells in the alveoli absorb oxygen. Identify the blood vessels and alveoli. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 10

Unit 8 Lesson 3 What Body Parts Enable Movement, Support, Respiration, and Circulation? Asthma Attack Asthma is an illness that makes it hard for a person to breathe. During an asthma attack, bronchi become swollen, making the airways smaller. Pollen, air pollution, smoke, and allergies can trigger an asthma attack. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 11

Unit 8 Lesson 3 What Body Parts Enable Movement, Support, Respiration, and Circulation? Asthma Attack Why is it more difficult to breathe during an asthma attack? Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 12

Asthma Attack People can try to avoid asthma triggers. Unit 8 Lesson 3 What Body Parts Enable Movement, Support, Respiration, and Circulation? Asthma Attack People can try to avoid asthma triggers. An inhaler is a device a doctor can prescribe to deliver medication to the lungs. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 13

Unit 8 Lesson 3 What Body Parts Enable Movement, Support, Respiration, and Circulation? Beat It The heart is a muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the body. When the top part of the heart relaxes, it fills with blood. When the top part contracts, it squeezes blood to the lower part of the heart. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 14

Unit 8 Lesson 3 What Body Parts Enable Movement, Support, Respiration, and Circulation? Beat It When the lower part of the heart contracts, it squeezes blood from the heart into vessels and all parts of the body. Blood is made up of a clear liquid called plasma and small structures called blood cells. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 15

Beat It Red blood cells carry oxygen throughout the body. Unit 8 Lesson 3 What Body Parts Enable Movement, Support, Respiration, and Circulation? Beat It Red blood cells carry oxygen throughout the body. White blood cells help fight disease. Platelets stop bleeding by forming clots. Plasma carries nutrients throughout the body. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 16

Unit 8 Lesson 3 What Body Parts Enable Movement, Support, Respiration, and Circulation? Beat It Arteries carry blood away from the heart. Veins carry blood back to the heart. Oxygen and nutrients pass through capillaries to the different parts of the body. The heart, vessels, and blood are all part of the circulatory system. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 17

Got Lungs? Circulation or Respiration? Unit 8 Lesson 3 What Body Parts Enable Movement, Support, Respiration, and Circulation? Got Lungs? Circulation or Respiration? Spiders, birds, fish, and other animals have very different organs for respiration and circulation. Plants take in air through openings in leaves called stomata. Most plants transport fluids through plant vessels. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 18