PAPER 1 REVIEW English A Language and Literature

General Tips for Writing  Underline Book Titles, Magazine Titles, etc  Put Poem Titles, Song titles, Article titles, etc in quotation marks  Pay close attention to these commonly confused words  Effect vs. affect  It’s vs. its  Spell these words correctly: audiEnce articLE

Language  Use appropriate terms  Audience  Viewer  Reader  Consumer  Stylistic features / Literary Devices  Use formal language style  Avoid abbreviations  Avoid contractions  Avoid YOU (try to avoid addressing the reader)

Introduction Paragraph  Identify the texts  Use the author’s name  Write the title of the article/texts  Thesis sentence  Develop your argument or direction for the essay.  Try to narrow the focus and refer to both texts in one sentence  Located as last sentence of introductory paragraph

Essay Structure  Develop paragraphs on the following:  Context  Structure  Language Usage  Demonstrate how the author uses these to shape meaning.  SHOW examples, don’t just tell about them  HL Only  Provide comparison of texts  Best if done on a point by point format rather than text by text

Context  Analyze / Compare the text / two texts in the area of context  What text type?  Who is the intended audience?  What is the intended message?  What is the intended purpose? Show examples from the text/s  How does the context shape meaning?  (HL Only) How are the two texts similar or different in meaning?

Structure  Analyze / Compare the text / two texts in the area of structure  Visual organization  Verbal organization on the page / font / color  Headline placement  Paragraph size / format  Specific stylistic features within text  Typical Genre Conventions of the text type Is this a typical or atypical example of text type? Show examples from the text/s.  How does the structure help to shape the reader’s perception/understanding?  Why does the author structure the text in this way?  (HL Only) How are these two texts similar or different?

Language Usage  Analyze / Compare the text / two texts in the area of language usage  Emotional language  Logical language / Informing  Persuasive Language  Humor  Advertising Appeals (Emotional Appeal, Sex Appeal, Appeal to fear, appeal to sense of reason)  Propaganda Techniques (Fancy figures, Glittering Generalities, etc)  Use of authority  Show examples from the text to support your points.  How does the language help to shape the reader’s perception/understanding?  Why does the author this language? For what effect/purpose?  (HL Only) How are these two texts similar or different?

Specific use of Examples  When using examples, refer to line numbers and text  E.g. …in text 1 line 12 or (Text 1, 12)