Overview and Emerging Issues & Challenges in the Agriculture Sector CLL Gowda Director, Grain Legumes Program ICRISAT Hyderabad India

Global Challenges and Food Security A rising perfect storm

Feeding the world Worlds population set to hit 9 billion by 2050 Worlds population set to hit 9 billion by 2050 Close to 1 billion in the world today are hungry Close to 1 billion in the world today are hungry Food production should increase by % Food production should increase by % Agriculture productivity is declining in many countries Agriculture productivity is declining in many countries Decreasing global food stocks in last 5 years Decreasing global food stocks in last 5 years

Next GR from less endowed/dryland areas Partnerships with purpose: A strong convergence strategy that brings together civil society, private and public sectors More investment in agriculture R&D activities Stronger agricultural institutions Effective extension services, cooperatives Information and communication technology infrastructure How to bring about a second green revolution

Untapped potential of rainfed farming Current farmers yields are 2 to 5 times lower than yields achievable by soil, water, nutrient & genotype management

Enhance water-use efficiency to provide opportunities for reducing poverty In-situ water conservation, zero and minimum tillage, mulch farming, structural measures such as micro- irrigation systems Improve water policy measures, capacity building and knowledge sharing Improved water-use efficiency

INM can raise yields in farmers fields Grain yield gains (%) due to integrated nutrient management compared to farmers management in farmers field, Karnataka watersheds, 2008 Crop No. of farmers fields Mean grain yield (kg ha -1 ) Yield gain (%) FMINM Ragi Groundnut Maize Soybean

Effects of climatic change on agriculture Frequent natural disasters -- flood and extreme weathers Persistent droughts Hotter temperature Current sea level rise Higher pest and disease incidence Changes in cropping patterns

Climate change impacts in the SAT Yield Gap 1 can be mitigated through improved crop and NRM management Yield Gap 2 can be mitigated through variety adaptation to climate change

Shift in chickpea production area in India Large shift in chickpea area from northern India to Southern India

Lessons learnt from success stories Chickpea revolution in Andhra Pradesh During the past 10 years 4-fold increase in area 2.4-fold increase in yield 9-fold increase in production Over 80% area under improved cultivars Trends in chickpea area and production

Our vision… a prosperous, food secure and resilient dryland tropics Our mission… to reduce poverty, hunger, malnutrition and environmental degradation in the dryland tropics

To halve poverty To halve hunger To halve childhood malnutrition To increase the resilience of tropical dryland farming Aspirational targets

The New Strategy Inclusive Market-Oriented Development (IMOD Harness markets Manage risks Innovate. Grow. Prosper.

Increased Attention to Resilience Increase resilience by building livelihood capital: Human Social Physical Natural Financial

We can do it! We have competent manpower. Let us put it to use, work together, and compete fiercely in the global arena. Our common goal: a food-secure world and resilient, sustainable and inclusive agricultural growth! Thank you!