Craig O’Riley & Adam Shell Office of Systems Planning Wednesday, December 1, 20101

 Introductions  FHWA Video: Planning for Progress FHWA Video: Planning for Progress  Freight Planning  Where have we been?  Where are we going?  Stakeholders  Freight Modeling  Overview  Data Sources & Methods  Application  Conclusion Wednesday, December 1, 20102

 Majority of freight moves on facilities owned by State and Local governments  Prior to 1970’s – All interstate transportation subject to Federal economic regulation  1980s – Deregulation  Aviation Deregulation Act 1978  Motor Carrier Act 1980  Staggers Rail Act 1980  Ocean Shipping Act 1984 Wednesday, December 1, 20103

 Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act (ISTEA)  Added freight as a factor for states and MPOs to consider during their transportation planning efforts  Transportation Equity Act for the 21 st Century (TEA-21)  Encouraged states and MPOs to include shippers and freight service provides in the transportation planning process  Safe, Accountable, Flexible, and Efficient Transportation Equity Act of the 21 st Century (SAFETEA-LU)  Works to enhance the freight planning efforts in ISTEA and TEA-21 Wednesday, December 1, 20104

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7  114,740 miles of roadways  3,947 miles of railways  491 miles of navigable waterways  29,489 miles of pipelines

Wednesday, December 1, 20108

9 Mode Trend Truck Rail Water Air > 0.0 Multi Modes & Mail Pipeline Other & Unknown 0.2

Wednesday, December 1,

Wednesday, December 1,

Wednesday, December 1,

Wednesday, December 1,  Public Sector  Federal, state, local transportation planning agencies  Economic development and trade organizations  Federal, state, local law enforcement  Non traditional federal, state agencies  Private Sector  Shippers and receivers of freight (businesses)  Freight transportation service providers  Owners and operators of freight facilities  Neighborhoods and communities affected by freight transportation

Wednesday, December 1,  Infrastructure Condition and Capacity  Funding  Federal Livability Initiative  Climate Change / Air Quality  State’s Smart Planning Initiative

Wednesday, December 1,

Wednesday, December 1,

Wednesday, December 1,

“The economic competitiveness of our state is directly linked to how, why and where our businesses move their goods. Understanding these freight movements enables us to target policies and resources at highway, rail, water, and air corridors that will improve the State’s competitive position.” - Elwyn Tinklenberg, MN DOT Commissioner of Transportation Wednesday, December 1, Source: 2000 MN DOT Statewide Multimodal Freight Flows Study

 Factors affecting freight demand  Freight Transportation Modes  Air: cargo jets (Modal Characteristics Graphic)Modal Characteristics Graphic  Road: commercial vehicles (CV) or semi-trucks  Rail: freight trains  Water: barges and ships (Compare Graphic)Compare Graphic  Data Sources & Methods  Application Wednesday, December 1,

Wednesday, December 1, Source: 2007 QRFM II: Incorporating Freight into “Four-Step” Travel Forecasting

 Factors affecting freight demand  Freight Transportation Modes  Air: cargo jets (Modal Characteristics Graphic)Modal Characteristics Graphic  Road: commercial vehicles (CV) or semi-trucks  Rail: freight trains  Water: barges and ships (Compare Graphic)Compare Graphic  Data Sources & Methods  Application Wednesday, December 1,

 Factors affecting freight demand  Economy (volume of goods produced vs. consumed)  Industrial Location Patterns (spatial distribution)  Globalization of Business  Just-in-Time (JIT) Inventory Practices (Inventory and Production in sync)  Centralized Warehousing (Increased use of 3PLs)  Fuel Prices  Truck Size & Weight Limits (Increased payload requires less trips and in return lowers operating costs)  Congestion  Technology Wednesday, December 1, Source: Quick Response Freight Manual. FHWA pp. 2-3 to 2-10.

 Data Sources (many available….sort of! ) ▪ Carload Waybill Sample ▪ Commodity Flow Survey (CFS) ▪ Freight Analysis Framework (FAF) ▪ LTL Commodity and Market Flow Database ▪ National Transportation Statistics (NTS)  Limitations ▪ Emphasis toward national and statewide ▪ Frequency of data ▪ Potential bias due to survey methods, unreliable estimates, or lack of freight modal coverage Wednesday, December 1,

 Methods  Simple Growth Factor  Incorporating Freight into “Four-Step” Model Process  Commodity Models  Hybrid Approaches  Economic Activity Models Wednesday, December 1, Source: Quick Response Freight Manual II. FHWA

 Truck sub-model  Trip Generation  Stratify Employment by Industry Classes (NAICS) ▪ Agriculture, Mining, & Construction ▪ Manufacturing, Transportation, Communication, Utils, &Trade ▪ Retail Trade ▪ Office & Services  Determine appropriate truck classes (Small, Medium, & Heavy)  Calculate attractions by TAZ and set productions equal Wednesday, December 1,

 Trip Generation  Trip Rates Wednesday, December 1, Truck Trips Rates Source: Quick Response Freight Manual. FHWA p. 4-4.

 Trip Distribution  Gravity Model  Friction Factors (shortest path time adjustment) Wednesday, December 1,

 Traffic Assignment  Preload with All-or-Nothing method  Model Validation  Many tests similar to auto model validation.  Each step of process (Trip Gen, Distro,…etc)  Compare observed data to modeled output  Compute statistics…. ▪ And compare to other regions of similar size ▪ By varying levels of area type, geography, or truck type  Scenario Tests & Performance Measures Wednesday, December 1,

 FHWA Talking Freight Seminars   Freight Model Improvement Program (FMIP)   Freight Analysis Framework (FAF)   Quick Response Freight Manual II  Wednesday, December 1,

Wednesday, December 1,  Iowa DOT Projects  FRA Grant to update the Iowa Statewide Model  Rail Plan Update  Internal Freight Working Group  Iowa DOT/Iowa DED Moving Iowa Forward Conference  Freight Report Freight Plan  Freight Performance Measures  Iowa DOT Freight Advisory Committee  Multi-state Corridor Planning  NASCO  Mid-America Freight Coalition (MAFC)

Wednesday, December 1, Adam Shell Craig O’Riley Office of Systems Planning Iowa Department of Transportation