Fødevareøkonomisk Institut Morten Gylling Food and Ressource Economic Institute Rolighedsvej Frederiksberg C Tlf ”Contribution of agriculture to energy production” Tallin 7th October 2005 Bioenergy resources from Danish Agriculture
Fødevareøkonomisk Institut The Danish Energypolivy 4 main targets: ─stabilising energy use at ~ 800 PJ ─continued economic growth ─reduce CO 2 emission (Koyoto) ─substainable development Instruments: ─taxes ─tax excemptions ─subsidies ─regulations ─R, D&D
Fødevareøkonomisk Institut Primary energy production - Denmark PJ Change ”90-”03 Total production % Biomass total % Straw % Wood chips % Fuel wood % Wood pellets % Industrial wood waste % Biogas % Waste % Biodiesel Fish oil % Biomass % of domestic consumption6%7%8% 9%10%11%
Fødevareøkonomisk Institut District heating supply (cities & villages): 120 biomass-to-district heating plants (heat only) – straw & wood (50/50) 10 straw or wood-chip-fired decentralised power plants (CHP) (biomass as main fuel) 30 waste-incineration plants - 18 CHP and 12 heat 6 centralized (big) power plants (CHP) which use biomass, among other fuels, 30 district heating plants (CHP) using biogas as the main fuel Key figures – use of biomass/waste
Fødevareøkonomisk Institut Key figures – use of biomass/waste Industrial plants: 200 industrial/institutions heat and CHP plants Small heat installations (houses, farms): 500,000 wood-burning stoves 70,000 wood-burning boilers 30,000 wood-pellet furnaces 9,000 straw furnaces
Fødevareøkonomisk Institut Fuel tax excemption for biomass Fuel costs for district heating production(2002)
Fødevareøkonomisk Institut ”Green reward” - biomass to electricity Power producers will receive a ”green reward” on top of the market price A very complex set of rules (Electricity Supply Act.) Example biogas: Fixed price 0,60 DKK pr. kWh feed into the grid
Fødevareøkonomisk Institut R&D – biomass & waste Combustion – co-firing Characterisation of fuels Gasifikation (thermal) Biogas (bakteriel) Liquid biofuels – bioethanol, DME Largest single focus area within the applied energy R&D programmes
Fødevareøkonomisk Institut R&D trends – change of focus R&D regarding technologies that can lead to a broader biomass fuel band More advanced conversion technologies - beyond combustion Liquid biofuels Biomass to hydrogen
Fødevareøkonomisk Institut Future biomass resources Should - technology adapt to ressources or resources adapt to technologies
Fødevareøkonomisk Institut Future biomass resources Straw PJ Energy crops PJ - short rotation coppice - mischantus - ”energygrain” Grain -”unlimited” (5% bioethanol admixture ~ 390,000 tonnes) Oilrapeseed ”unlimited” (5% biodiesel admixture ~ 350,000 tonnes)