Skeletal Muscle Skeletal muscle is attached to bone on each end by tendons. Insertion: More movable attachment. Origin: Are pulled towards it (fixed point).

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Presentation transcript:

Skeletal Muscle Skeletal muscle is attached to bone on each end by tendons. Insertion: More movable attachment. Origin: Are pulled towards it (fixed point). Surrounded by connective tissues

Types of muscles Prime mover or agonist (leader)- The muscle that causes an action Antagonist (ant = against), relaxes while the prime mover contracts. Most movements also involve muscles called synergists, which help the prime mover function more efficiently by reducing unnecessary movement. Fixators stabilizing the origin of the prime mover so that the prime mover can act more efficiently.

Skeletal Muscle

Naming skeletal muscles Most skeletal muscles have names that describe some feature of the muscle. The following are some terms relating to muscle features that are used in naming muscles. Size: vastus (huge); maximus (large); longus (long); minimus (small); brevis (short). Shape: deltoid (triangular); latissimus (wide); teres (round); trapezius (like a trapezoid). Direction of fibers: rectus (straight); transverse (across); oblique (diagonally); orbicularis (circular).

Naming skeletal muscles Location: pectoralis (chest); gluteus (buttock or rump); brachii (arm); supra- (above); infra- (below); sub- (under or beneath); lateralis (lateral). Number of origins: biceps (two heads); triceps (three heads); quadriceps (four heads). Origin and insertion: sternocleidomastoideus (origin on the sternum and clavicle, insertion on the mastoid process); brachioradialis (origin on the brachium or arm, insertion on the radius). Action: abductor (to abduct a structure); adductor (to adduct a structure); flexor (to flex a structure); extensor (to extend a structure); levator (to lift or elevate a structure); masseter (a chewer).

Apneurosis - A sheetlike fibrous membrane, resembling a flattened tendon, that serves as a fascia to bind muscles together or as a means of connecting muscle to bone. frontalis Facial expressions Mastication neck

Facial expressions Mastication Neck

Neck – superior to hyoid bone Neck – inferior to hyoid bone

Thorax and shoulder - superficial Thorax and shoulder - deep Abdominal muscles

External intercostal Origin - lower border of a rib within an intercostal space Insertion - upper border of the rib below (muscles of quiet breathing) Internal intercostal Origin - upper border of a rib Insertion - lower border of rib above

back and shoulder muscles Back muscles Scapula rotators Rotator cuff

Abdominal muscles

Action on the elbow - flexors Pronators Action on the hand - flexors

Action on the elbow - extensors Action on the hand - extensors