y/o female S/S: polyuria and diabetes insipidus for 2 years, weight loss (+)

2 Dx : germinoma.

3 2. A 72-year-old female with a systemic disorder undergoes a staging brain MRI.

4 (Breast) Metastasis to the Pineal Gland

year-old woman with rapidly declining mental status one day after a car crash.

6 Cerebral Fat Emboli The incidence of cerebral fat embolism (CFE) is unknown. It occurs more commonly (80%) after blunt trauma and is particularly associated with long bone as in this patient. Patients may experience a period of normal neurological status followed by rapid deterioration, sometimes after manipulation of the fracture. Patients may develop acute respiratory distress, and retinal hemorrhages may become evident. A right-to-left cardiac shunt is not a prerequisite. The small fat globules may further fragment and--because they are deformable--may pass through an intact pulmonary capillary bed. They reach the deep arterial territory in the brain, which commonly involves the deep white matter (simulating watershed infarctions). T2WI and FLAIR images show punctate areas of high signal in parasagittal white matter. (Fig. 1A) These lesions are also bright on DWI. (Fig. 1B) The abnormalities on DWI tend to rapidly clear. This is thought to be due to further fat emboli fragmentation and passing past the brain capillary bed. Mortality is between 10-20% and patients who survive may show nearly no sequelae.

year-old child status post cochlear implant for congenital hearing loss now with narrowing of the external auditory canal.

8 Acquired Cholesteatoma of the External Auditory Canal Local invasion of squamous tissue into EAC; 1:1000 ENT visits Produces otorrhea and chronic pain. May develop spontaneously or after trauma or surgery Diff Dx: true tumors, keratosis obturans, canal fibrosis, Surfer's ear, malignant otitis externa Typical imaging features: soft tissue mass with flecks of calcium, erosion of bony EAC

year-old female with short stature.

10 Ectopic Neurohypophysis Frequently associated w/growth hormone deficiency (pituitary dwarfism) Associated adenohypophysis dysfunction may be related to absent infundibulum. Associated CNS abnormalities: septo-optic dysplasia, lobar holoprosencephaly, olfactory bulb anomalies, neuronal migration defects

11 6. A 74 years-old male Subacute onset gait disturbance after a fall, since then frequent falling

12 Dx: Hemangioblastoma.

y/o male S/S: conscious change

14 Dx: CO intoxication.

15 8. M/34, headache, blurred vision

16 Dx: Craniopharyngioma.

17 9. f/53, ptosis

18 Dx: Trigeminal Schwannoma.

years-old female. Rt facial pain on and off for years

20 Dx: Capillary telangiectasia.

A 25-day-old Taiwanese female infant. Respiratory distress progressed to cyanosis.

22 Dx : Congenital nasal aperture stenosis with semilobar holoprosencephaly