R&D on Future Internet in Korea Jan. 13, 2009 Taekyoung Kwon* and Yanghee Choi Seoul National University Future Internet Forum

2 Contents Internet in Korea Why Future Internet in Korea ? Future Internet Projects in Korea Future Internet Forum

South Korea Population size : 49M Capital : Seoul Area : 100K Km2 GDP : 13 th Map of Korea 3

44 Internet in Korea Wireline subscribers : 23 million (Aug. 2008) Cellular : 45 M Internet Users : 34.4 M Broadband Penetration 93% (1 st worldwide) Broadband Speed 49.5 Mbps downlink (2 nd ) Highest penetration ratio Weak Internet industries

Big Players : Industries Online Game NcSoft Nexon Neowiz CDN CD Networks Mobile devices Samsung LG Mobile WiMax Samsung Posdata 5 Portal NHN Daum Phone – wired KT Mobile Phone SKT KTF LGT

6 Funding Agencies MKE (Ministry of Knowledge Economy) Short-term R&D for applied research Telecom R&D (network equipments) IT convergence Software Semiconductor Sensors, RFID devices Future Internet projects IT Research Centers MEST (Ministry of Education, Science and Technology) Long-term R&D for basic sciences Mostly individual projects ERC, SRC, MRC, RRC FI projects under discussion

Funding Agencies (2) KCC (Korean Communications Commission) Similar to FCC in USA Regulations, policies Spectrum management Standards FI issues under discussion National Network Testbed MOPAS (Ministry of Public Administration and Security) e-Government Security 7

Research Organizations ETRI >2000 researchers in IT areas TDX, CDMA, NGN, 4G KISTI Supercomputer services National S&E Network KISDI Policy on Telecom, Broadcasting NIMS Basic research on Math Universities SNU KAIST POSTECH Many others 8

Creative ideas : Screen Golf Golf simulator Course varieties Weather-proof Low-cost Networked Competitions 9

Creative ideas : Personal broadcasting Wibro + camcorder + afreeca.com 10

Creative ideas : Ubiquitous City Networked city City management Energy Transportation Security Community services Linked to Home networks New cities New mega-buildings 11

12 Why future Internet ? Motivations are different by countries. Security : US & others Broadcasting, ubiquitous computing (sensors), mobility : Korean view Business Models NGN model : telco 3G Model : wireless telco Internet Model : everything on it ?

13 Architecture Failures ITU model B-ISDN NGN Too strict New Archi as technology advances IETF No Archi at the beginning Rough consensus – strong leaders but allows less innovations No paradigm shift allowed OSI Too general Heavy 1G-2G-3G-4G-? New Archi every three years Too much expenses

14 FI Architecture The problems of the existing Internet Archi are No integrated Security No integrated Mobility No integrated Service Terminal, network, application separated ISP not talking to each other FIA should respect ISP businesses Client privacy Technology advances

Future Internet in Korea BcN developed as the infrastructure for the near future National exploratory R&D project on Future Internet is launched in 2007 Future Internet selected as one of the Ten Strategic Areas (from 2008) 15

R&D projects Fundamental Technologies for Future Internet 2007 – 2009 (3 years) Future Internet related Innovative Researches From year projects for universities Robust Mobility Management Network Monitoring and Measurement at micro-level Personalized Service Architecture Security for Survivable Networks IT Research Center on Future Internet ( ) 16

Fundamental Technologies for Future Internet Project details R&D Planning (through Future Internet Forum) Identify long-term R&D topics Predict the future technologies Promote collaborations Work on selected research topics (universities) Architecture Wireless Services Participation to Standard Activities IETF, ITU, IEEE, forum etc. 17

Research Topics

Research items Testbeds Virtualized WirelessMesh (KAIST) Virtualized Femtocell (SNU) Mobility (KU) Measurement (KAIST) Architecture Content-driven (SNU) Cross-layer (POSTECH) Micro-management (KAIST) Hard security (SNU) Disruption Tolerant Network (SNU) 19

Femtocell-based wireless testbed A general testbed for cellular networks WCDMA Femtocell BS Virtualization of base station Virtualized mobile terminal Remote configuration and experiment 20

Optical Path in the Core Network : Light Trail A generalization of light-paths, such that multiple nodes along a trail can participate in time differentiated communication over the same established trail – increased link utilization o-grooming, e-grooming Distributed LT algorithm is proposed Verified by simulation Light path Super frame Transport for Optical Core 21

Delay/Disruption Tolerant Networking : Hierarchical Spreading DTN Routing Epidemic Spread & Wait Hierarchical Spreading is proposed 22

Sibilla Distributed applications are popular in todays Internet. » Peer-to-peer file sharing, CDNs, multi- player online games These applications benefit from the information about the network-internal performance characteristics. » Nearest neighbor discovery, Super peer selection, Distribution tree construction » DNS-like system, where applications Send real-time performance queries and Receive information on desired metrics Without doing measurements by themselves 23

Overview of Path Stitching What are Internet forwarding paths and end-to-end delay between two arbitrary Internet host a and c? 24 a ?c A C B Step 1. IP-to-AS mapping Step 2. AS path inference :A: :C: :B: A::B Step 3. Path stitching :A::B::C: B::C Step 4. Rank stitched paths and select the best

CR throughput analysis Cognitive Radio (CR) Channel-bonding vs. Multi-radio MAC Frequency Available channels Occupied by other systems

Cognitive Radio over Ad-hoc network Multi-channel CR for ad-hoc network Opportunistic channel sensing to reduce the initial delay Hidden Primary User problem New MAC protocol is proposed Distributed CR MAC 26

KAIST Mesh Testbed : Common Code for Future Internet New L2 New L3 New L4 New L7 L4 L7 KERNEL Driver Interface B MAMA C MBMB MAMA MBMB A Basic Stack (Linux) Overlay Stack (GlomoSim) Flow B (ex: DHCP) Flow A (ex: OLSR) Flow C (ex: HTTP) Flow A (ex: Overlay MAC) Real Experimentations with Simulation Codes KAIST Mesh Network 27

Network Engineering-enabled Mesh Network Per-aggregation Queueing Scheduling among backhaul links Flow control at edge router local backlog source rateutility func differential backlog 28

CODI Y X Manager of Content ID A Regional Root with Data A Content ID of A Low- tier Hash (A) = 2 High- tier Content Delivery Infrastructure (CODI) Two-tier Name Resolution for Content Oriented Networking low-tier : tree (per ISP) High-tier : DHT (distributed) Better performance than DHT, Tree (DONA) ISP friendly

DACON: Decentralized and Autonomous Content Overlay Network Overlay network for content search and delivery is formed by user assistance Incremental content search Incentive systems for AP providers : free access by users WiFi based 30

Dynamic Service Composition Service-oriented Architecture Generalized service components Networking and computing service are also components Service broker for service discovery, composition and management 31

National Testbeds Backbones with international links KOREN (since 1995) KREONET (since 1988) 32

KOREN international links 33

Future Internet Forum Established in 2006 to promote R&D collaborations in Future networking Building research communities Workshops, seminars, publications Research Council General guidelines, technical documents Working groups Architecture Wireless Service Testbed Policy 34

35 Forum Events International Conferences (annual) Internet of the Future, July 20-22, 2006, Seoul, Korea International Future Internet Workshop 2007, July 9-10, 2007, Seoul National University International Conference on Future Internet (CFI) 2008, June 18-20, Seoul, Korea CFI 2009 will be announced soon Future Internet Camp (twice a year) 2007 Aug , Jeju Island 2008 Feb , 2008, Seoul National University (with AsiaFI school) Aug , Jeju Island ( with AsiaFI school) 2009 Feb , SNU

FI Demo Event Nov. 14, 2008 at SNU 17 demos presented 36

AsiaFI Asia Future Internet Forum Board Chair: Hualin Qian Deputy Chairs: Yanghee Choi, Francis Lee Members: Xing Li, Jun Murai, Onno Purbo, Lixia Zhang Education committee WG Architecture and building blocks Mobile & wireless networks Secretariat Jun Bi, Choong Seon Hong, Koji Okamura Steeing Group Jun Bi Tsinghua University Kilnam Chon Steering Group Chair Choong Seon Hong Kyung Hee University Education Committee Chair Xiaohong Huang BUPT Akira Kato Keio University D Dongman Lee ICU Hewu Li CERNET Mobile WG Chair Koji Okamura Kyushu University Sureswaran Ramadass USM Mingwei Xu Tsinghua University Architecture WG Chair 37

38 Korean Policies on FI Recommendations Condensed Research : 1-2 year cycles Open Research : Experts from various sectors free to join Selection & Concentration : based on competitiveness Global Cooperation : Europe, CJK, USA, India, Africa National Agenda : Long-term big national initiatives

Conclusion Future Internet is a popular research area in Korea Many global cooperation programs Emphasis on wireless, access network technologies, and mobile applications Open platforms for network & terminal devices Forum is important to bring people together 39