Bacteria Classification Chapter 7 – Section 1

Kingdoms Bacteria are classified into two kingdoms: Eubacteria Archaebacteria

Eubacteria Largest bacteria kingdom Very diverse Classified into smaller groups by: Cell shape and structure How they obtain food Type of food they eat Wastes they produce Whether they are aerobes or anaerobes How they move

Eubacteria Cyanobacteria Producers Produce oxygen as a waste product. Use carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight to make food. Produce oxygen as a waste product. This oxygen is used by other organisms. Contain chlorophyll and a blue pigment. May also be red, yellow, or black. Live in colonies Source of food for other organisms in lakes, ponds, and oceans.

Eubacteria Cyanobacteria Blooms When large amounts of nutrients enter the water, the number of cyanobacteria increase significantly, eventually forming a bloom. The organisms in the bloom use up the nutrients very quickly and the cyanobacteria die. Aerobic consumers feed on the dead cyanobacteria, using up the oxygen in the lake during the feeding process. Organisms such as fish die because of the decrease in oxygen.

Eubacteria Consumer Eubacteria Grouped according to the thickness of the cell wall. Different groups will stain different colors and be affected differently by antibiotics. One unique organism within this group is Mycoplasma pneumoniae because it has no cell wall and can change shape.

Archaebacteria Divided into groups based on where they live or how they get energy.

Archaebacteria Salt-loving bacteria (halophiles) Live in salty environments, such as the Great Salt Lake.

Archaebacteria Heat and acid loving bacteria (thermoacidophiles) Live in hot, acidic environments, such as hot pools and hydrothermal vents.

Archaebacteria Methane producing bacteria (methanogens) Anaerobic Live in places like swamps and intestines Use carbon dioxide for energy and produce methane as a waste product.