 Science= Latin for “to know”  Biology= Science of Life  Inquiry= People asking questions  Observation= The use of the senses to gather and record information

CONTROLLED EXPERIMENT UNCONTROLLED EXPERIMENT  Tests one variable  Eliminate or control other variables  Control setting/environment  Experimental control  Tests multiple variables  No experimental control  Held in open setting

 Introduction (observe something you want to know about)  Question (a question that can be answered by and investigation)  Hypothesis (a prediction that is educated and can be tested)  Materials  Procedure  Data (Data table, Graph)  Conclusion

 Manipulated Variable: What is changed  Responding Variable: What is measured  Controlled Variable: What stays the same  Experimental Control: What the experiment is being compared to (a normal/unchanged test subject)

 Hypothesis: An educated guess that can be tested by an investigation  Written in If…..,then…..,because……  On the next slide let’s practice writing hypotheses.  Remember  If(manipulated variable), then (responding variable), because (scientific explanation)

 What effect does studying with music have on a student’s test scores?  How do I make this a hypothesis?  Identify the variable  Change the format  Make a prediction

 What effect does studying with music have on student test scores?  What is being changed and measured?  The red words tell us what is being changed  Studying with or without music  The yellow words tell us what is being measured.  Student test scores  Using this information, write a hypothesis

 What effect does studying with music have on student test scores?  Here is an example:  If a student studies with music, then they will have higher test scores, because they aren’t being distracted while they study.

1. What effect does the color of food have on the amount of food fish eat? 2. What effect does smiling have on a teacher giving no homework? 3. How does serving mystery meat for lunch change the length of the lunch line?

1. What effect does the color of food have on the amount of food fish eat? 2. What effect does smiling have on a teacher giving no homework? 3. How does serving mystery meat for lunch change the length of the lunch line?  Using these hints of variables please write your own hypotheses in if….,then….,because…. format

 Quantitative data: Measurements or observations recorded numerically  Ex:  5 pounds  8 feet  Qualitative data: measurements or observations recorded as descriptions  Ex:  Mom is blond haired  The building is square

 Identify each in you notes as quantitative(QA) or qualitative (QL) 1. The ball was red, bouncy, and smooth 2. The ball bounced 5 mm high 3. The boy skateboarded the course in 20 seconds 4. The girl ran the race in 15 seconds 5. The frog was not moving, cold to the touch, and dry 6. The experiment made 1 pound of goo each minute and it was green and squishy.

1. Qualitative (QL) 2. Quantitative (QA) 3. Quantitative (QA) 4. Quantitative (QA) 5. Qualitative (QL) 6. Both (QA and QL)

Use the information below to write a testable question for an experiment 1). MV: Change In Light RV: Growth of grass seed Hypothesis: If the light level of a grass seed is changed from normal, then it will grow less, because it will be outside of it’s normal environment. CV: Seed type, Soil, Temperature Measurement: Measure seed growth in cm or mm.

Use the information below to write a testable question for an experiment 2). MV: Use of boric acid RV: Movement of ant across the paper Hypothesis: If Boric acid is placed on a piece of paper, then an ant will not cross the paper, because they will not want to step on the acid. CV: paper type, Ant type, Light level Measurement: Whether an ant crosses the paper or not, yes or no.

Use the information below to decide what measurements should be used in this experiment 3). MV: Change in Temperature RV: Growth of radish seeds Hypothesis: If the temperature of a radish seed is changed then it will grow less because it was placed in an unfamiliar environment Measurement:__________________________

Use the variable to write a questions and hypothesis. 4). MV: Use of vitamins RV: Kitten Growth Hypothesis____________________________. Question:______________________________. Questions 1-4 will be talked about in class on Tuesday 02/17/11 Make sure to have completed these questions in your notes

 If chocolate is given to teachers, then amount of homework will decrease, because the teacher is happy!  If trees have leaves, then bird nests will increase because the leaves protect them from view  If plants are watered, then growth height will increase because plants use water to make food.

 If chocolate is given to teachers, then amount of homework will decrease, because the teacher is happy!  If trees have leaves, then bird nests will increase because the leaves protect them from view  If plants are watered, then growth height will increase because plants use water to make food.  MV  RV

THEORYLAW  A well tested explanation of a scientific observation supported by data  A statement about a scientific event that has been proven to be fact by data

 Inference: Logical Conclusion based on an observation  Generalization: When many specific observations are put together to reach a general conclusion.  Theory: A well tested explanation that makes sense of many varied scientific observations.  Theory of Natural selection

 Reliability: To increase precision and accuracy in your experiment  Validity: repeat experiment/more trials