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NWO Science Telescope 25 Aug NWO Team Membership: Organizations, Roles, and Leads Team consist of 43 active members –9 organizations are participating Additional involvement is provided from each organization and includes technical area experts and graduate/undergraduate students Organizations, Roles and Leads: –Colorado University: PI, Science, Optical Design, and Systems Analysis: Webster Cash –Northrop Grumman: Deputy PI and Starshade Development: Amy Lo –Ball Aerospace Technology Corporation: Telescope Development: Charley Noecker –USNO: Astrometry: Rachel Dudik –NASA GRC: Occulter (Starshade) Propulsion: Scott Benson –KinetX: Mission Design and Navigation: Bobby Williams –GSI: Lead Scientist: Maggie Turnbull –University College of London: Exoplanet Spectra Modeling: Giovanna Tinetti –NASA GSFC: Study Management: Kate Hartman

NWO Science Telescope 25 Aug The New Worlds Observer The telescope is shaded from the star by the starshade –Beside a vanishingly small residual signal, starlight never enters the telescope Starshade 100% of the planet light still reaches the telescope

NWO Science Telescope 25 Aug A Starshade Can Work with Any Telescope 10m 2.4m 4m 1.2m

Export Control Notice Export or re-export of information contained herein may be subject to restrictions and requirements of U.S. export laws and regulations and may require advance authorization from the U.S. Government. Measure Planetary System Characteristics Zodiacal Light Indicates Orbital Inclination So Do Multi-planet Position Statistics

NWO Science Telescope 25 Aug Planet Finding with Starshades Five Random Systems from Raymond Database The higher resolution of ATLAST brings weak signals out of the noise ATLAST JWST Most of the time Earths are visible. Knowing existence and phase only gives 15% advantage.

NWO Science Telescope 25 Aug Spectroscopy of Earths JWST ATLAST High Resolution Fine Structure!

NWO Science Telescope 25 Aug Exozodiacal Light and Debris Will Give Clues on Whole System May Interfere with Planet Detection NOTHING is yet known about Exozodis –Solar System zodi has red scattered light color –Known debris disks show red, grey, & blue colors Greaves et al. (2005) Epsilon Eridani Measure Planetary System Characteristics AU Mic Blue HD Neutral Beta Pic Red

NWO Science Telescope 25 Aug Perform General Astronomy During 70% of Observing Time the Starshade will Be Travelling to the next Target. Unify Exoplanet and UVOIR Communities Very Broad Range of Astronomy Served KBO UB313

NWO Science Telescope 25 Aug Modeling and Lab Studies Opaque Starshade The Hypergaussian function Apodization Function Apodizing Function Radius Transmission Parameter Occulter inner radiusa Petal 1/e lengthb Hypergaussian ordern Distance to telescopez Number of petalsP

NWO Science Telescope 25 Aug Modeling and Lab Studies The starshade has broadband suppression performance Starshade designed for longest wavelength suppression, and then works BETTER at all shorter wavelengths Several simulation codes exist Code cross checked and in process of being validated by laboratory results LinearLog

NWO Science Telescope 25 Aug NGS Starshade with HID source, 1000s integration Total suppression within 200 pixel radius = 8.8e-006 wire Wire 3.9e-7 wire Wire 4.3e-7 (Chamber door open) Chamber door closed

NWO Science Telescope 25 Aug e-010 6/19/09 Image sec

NWO Science Telescope 25 Aug NWO Mission Overview

NWO Science Telescope 25 Aug Starshade Design and Fabrication Enabling Technologies Precision Shape Control Maintain edge position Maintain structure shape Precision Deployment Minimize jitter Maintain petal location Opaque Membrane Maintain opacity Lightweight 2 Axes Formation Flying Maintain 1m alignment Minimize jitter Enhancing Technologies Solar Electric Propulsion NEXT engine Increase observable targets Reduce propellant mass Lightweight S/C Structures Increase observable targets Reduce overall mass Thin Edge Treatment Maintain edge stability Minimize stray light

NWO Science Telescope 25 Aug The Top Technology Tall Poles for NWO NWO TALL Poles Starshade optical performance simulation and validation Starshade deployment and shape maintenance Trajectory and Alignment Control (TAC) system –Both sensors and control algorithms 4m telescope design and high sensitivity detectors

NWO Science Telescope 25 Aug NWO Technology Development Roadmap

NWO Science Telescope 25 Aug NWO Study Starshades provide the only identified path to Earth spectroscopy in the coming decade. Direct Observation Finds Earths Efficiently Target List gives at most 15% more spectra But Multiple Space Approaches Should be Engaged Unify the astronomy community Other, lower cost missions, should support this goal without slowing it down. START TO ANSWER THESE QUESTIONS: ARE THERE HABITABLE PLANETS IN THE UNIVERSE? IS THERE LIFE IN THE UNIVERSE?

NWO Science Telescope 25 Aug Backup Slides

NWO Science Telescope 25 Aug Starshade Alignment Systems See Telescope from Starshade See Starshade From Telescope

NWO Science Telescope 25 Aug Authority to Proceed October 2008 System Req. Review June 2009 System Design Review December 2009 Preliminary Design Review Critical Design Review June 2010 Launch December 2011 FY Operations December 2015 Release of Final Catalog. in time for NWO JMAPS TIMELINE Objectives and Description: Fully Funded mission ready for December 2011 launch Dedicated, high-accuracy astrometric instrument –Single measurement precisions (narrow field) of 5 milli-arcseconds from 0-16 mag. –1 milli-arcsecond global accuracy over 3 year mission life JMAPS Mission Goals: Update star catalogs, viable for decades Demonstrate 10mas attitude determination on-orbit Mature critical optical and FPA technology NWO Formation Flying Solution: State of the art optics and detector technology permits high accuracy astrometrycritical for NWO formation flying Updated stellar catalog in time for NWO Instrument Parameters: 7.5, f/20 ultra-low-distortion optical/NIR astrograph telescope SiC optics, metering structure Advanced, large format CMOS Hybrid FPA Gratings for color sensing Mass ~ 40kg Power ~ 85W United States Naval Observatory Joint Milli-Arcsecond Pathfinder Survey

NWO Science Telescope 25 Aug GRC: NEXT Ion Propulsion System Starshade Spacecraft requirements strongly favor use of electric propulsion to maximize science NEXT ion propulsion system provides greatest number of targets with the simplest system configuration compared to other EP options Thruster performance and lifetime capabilities provide significant flexibility in implementing primary and extended mission operations Critical elements of a NEXT system are planned to achieve TRL6 under the NASA SMD In-Space Propulsion Technology Project NEXT can be implemented on NWO with low risk through planned transition-to-flight development