Welcome to Unit 2: Structure & Function Write down homework 1)Bring in materials for membrane model! 2)Homework & Quiz on Friday - worksheet? - questions? - vocab story? Check out your bacterial plates! Who had the most? Are you surprised?

How does bacteria infect your cell?

What do you remember? Use the cut-outs to label the function of each membrane component

You’re Building your Model Today! Get out your White Sheet HMWK: option due: worksheet? Text outline + questions? Quiz on cell membrane tomorrow Model is DUE tomorrow!

10/20: let’s get organized 1) Get out your yellow packet Write your name on it! 2) Write down you homework HMWK: option due on Thursday or Friday Quiz on transport on the block (R or F)

Cell Boundaries Every cell is surrounded by a liquid environment and has a liquid inside Two types of boundaries separate: –Cell membrane (inner) Thin, flexible layer that surrounds all cells –Cell wall (outer) Strong supporting layer outside the cell membrane Only in some organisms (plants, algae, fungi, prokaryotes) Porous

FUNCTION of Cell Membrane Regulates what goes in and what comes out of a cell –Like a fence or a window screen –Regulation depends on size, concentrations, and the type of molecule trying to get through Protects cell Supports cell, but also flexible

Types of Transport ACTIVE requires Energy Ion Pumps Exocystosis Endocytosis PASSIVE Does not need energy Diffusion Osmosis Facilitated Diffusion m2MjkI (4:02) osmosis rap

How to make an onion slide

Outside of cell Inside of cell (cytoplasm) Cell membrane Proteins Protein channel Lipid bilayer Carbohydrate chains Section 7-3 Figure 7-12 The Structure of the Cell Membrane

Pre-Class Questions Write in Notebook…I will call on you! Why is it necessary to regulate what goes in and out of a cell? What are some examples of substances that enter a cell? Leave a cell? What does the term concentration mean? –Provide an example to explain concentration

FUNCTION of Cell Membrane Regulates what goes in and what comes out of a cell –Regulation depends on size, –concentrations, –type of molecule trying to get through Protects cell Supports cell, but also flexible

Cell Boundaries Everything has a Cell membrane (inner) Some stuff has a Cell wall (outer) Strong & rigid Only in some organisms (plants, algae, fungi, prokaryotes)

Inside of cell (cytoplasm) Cell membrane Proteins Protein channel Lipid bilayer Carbohydrate chains Section 7-3 Figure 7-12 The Structure of the Cell Membrane Fluid Mosaic Model Lipid bilayer – double layer of molecules –Lipids are a certain class of C-H molecules –Do not like water ( think of oil + water) – the “tails” –The “heads” are polar molecules Has proteins throughout Can have carbohydrate “ID tags” Moveable/fluid Selectively Permeable

Inside of cell (cytoplasm) Cell membrane Proteins Protein channel Lipid bilayer Carbohydrate chains Section 7-3 Figure 7-12 The Structure of the Cell Membrane Fluid Mosaic Model Lipid bilayer – double layer of molecules –Lipids are a certain class of C-H molecules –HYDROPHOBIC: Do not like water ( think of oil + water) – the “tails” –HYDROPHILIC: The “heads” are polar molecules Selectively Permeable

What goes in and out? (Transport) Cell membrane is selectively permeable,  it lets some things in, but not other things Selection depends on… size (smaller get through easily) concentrations, & type of molecule trying to get through (lipid and nonpolar) Substances keep moving till there are ~ equal amounts of them on both sides of the membrane EQUILIBRIUM

Go to Page 10 in yellow packet

Draw this graphic organizer, then use the word bank p10 of your yellow packet will help!!! Active Transport Diffusion Passive Transport Exocytosis Protein Pumps Facilitated Diffusion Endocytosis Osmosis Types of Transport

Check your answers; get out the white study guide Types of Transport ACTIVE requires Energy Ion Pumps Exocystosis Endocytosis PASSIVE Does not need energy Diffusion Osmosis Facilitated Diffusion (4:02) osmosis rap Na-K pump Endo exo cytosis

Passive Transport  [High] to [Low] DIFFUSION OSMOSIS FACILITATED DIFFUSION

Hypertonic – has a lot of solute Hypotonic – has low solute Isotonic – has equal solute

Osmotic Pressure

Will the solutions ever be isotonic? What forces are at play on the egg? 10/27: Find your lab from last week! Let’s review Transport Make sure you have both sides filled in – except for the final results obviously!

Review Quiz

Permeability (1:23) Do these get through? H+ or Ca++ CO 2 K+, Cl- H 2 O Glycerol or ethanol (-OH) O 2 Amino acids Glucose (1:26 – review plasma membrane structure) Sodium potassium pump

What do you remember about the cell? 5aS2Zg (3:09) 5aS2Zg With your table group – make a list of all of the organelles you can remember List their functions too!

Do Now: Cell Review Skim pages 3, 4, 5 in your yellow packet Read & Complete page 3 questions as you go!

What do you remember? Find in your notebook, that chart you made last week of prokaryote v eukaryote Pg 6 chart

What do you remember? Sort!

Sort the cards with your table group Put in 1 of 4 areas: Prokaryotes Only Eukaryotes Only Could be Both not all eukaryotes kingdoms Definitely Both Pg 3

Prokaryote vs. Eukaryote All cells have a membrane, cytoplasm, DNA & ribosomes Prokaryotic Cells –DNA not bound by a membrane… no “true nucleus” –Usually smaller, simple –No membrane bound parts (organelles) –Ex: bacteria Eukaryotic Cells –Membrane bound nucleus –Larger, complex, internal organization –Have internal membrane bound structures –Ex: you, plants, algae

Cell membrane prokaryoteAnimal cellsPlant cells Cell wall Nucleus Ribosomes Endoplasmic reticulum Mitochondria Cytoskeleton Chloroplasts Golgi apparatus Vacuoles DNA Cytoplasm Centrioles Nucleolus Which Organelle is where?

Origin of Eukaryotic Cells Endosymbiotic Theory A prokaryote ate a prokaryote! Mutualistic relationship Mitochondria + Chloroplasts have outer & inner membranes Both have their own DNA & their own ribosomes! More similar to bacteria than euk’s (3:36) Pg 4 answers

Mader: Biology 8 th Ed. Figure 28.4 A model of the origin of eukaryotes

This is how we’re reorganizing the protists – based on “who ate whom”. Endosymbiotic Theory Evidence: -Number of membranes of organelles -Presence of DNA in mitochondria -Structure of ribosomes

This Week’s Project! Today – brainstorm sheet Tomorrow – work day to make your profile Thursday: Cell Party!! Friday: quiz

This Week’s Project! Work today to make your profile Tomorrow: Can you find your perfect match? Friday: quiz

Speed Dating Organelles Today you will research a specific organelle and use the brainstorm planning sheet (two-sided) to construct a profile of your organelle Towards the end of the period, I will give you the ‘good copy’ to be used tomorrow. Tomorrow, we will have a ‘speed dating’ session and your job will be to meet everyone & decide which organelle(s) you’re most closely matched with

Organelle Speed Dating! Goal: Find the organelle(s) that work most closely with your organelle OrganelleProkEuk □ Cytoplasm □ Cytoskeleton □ Nucleus □ Nucleolus □ Ribosome □ Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum □ Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum □ Golgi Body □ Vacuole □ Lysosome □ Mitochondria □ Chloroplast □ Cell Membrane □ Nuclear Membrane □ Centrioles □ DNA □ RNA □ Cell Wall □ □ □ Find a seat! If you are seated in the inner circle, you’ll stay there for most of the activity If you’re seated on the outside, each time I call “time”, you will rotate one seat to your right. For 1:30 you will converse with your new Organelle friend Take turns sharing & explaining your job!

Living things respond to environment ex. Find shelter from rain ex. Hibernating to survive the winter ex. Produce toxins to ward off predators Living things maintain a stable internal environment –Homeostasis: keeping internal condition stable relative to the external environment Characteristics of Living Things - Homeostasis

Sodium Potassium Pump