Inside Earth: Earth’s Interior

Content Objectives: SWBAT explain how geologists determined Earth’s inner structures. SWBAT explain the characteristics of Earth’s crust, mantle, and core.

Language Objectives: SW will discuss the evidence geologists use to determine Earth’s inner structures. SW draw and label a diagram of Earth’s crust, mantle, and core.

How do scientists know what the inside of the Earth looks like?

Seismic waves: waves made by earthquakes. Key Concept: Geologists have used two main types of evidence to learn about Earth’s interior: direct evidence from rock samples and indirect evidence from seismic waves. Seismic waves: waves made by earthquakes.

Layers of the Earth Rap Watch the video and write down the layers of the Earth and 5 additional facts.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q9j1xGaxYzY Layers of the Earth Rap

What are the layers of the Earth? What are they made of and how thick are they? How do they behave? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hHteUIS0OFY

Exit Card 8 January 2014 3 main layers of the Earth 2 types of crust 1 method geologists used to determine the composition of the interior of Earth.

A Journey to the Center of Earth Key Concept: Three main layers of Earth are the crust, the mantle, and the core. These layers vary greatly in size, composition, temperature, and pressure.

A Journey to the Center of Earth Temperature increases as you go to the center of the Earth. Pressure increases as you go to the center of the Earth. Pressure: a force pressing on an area

The Core Key Concept: The core is made mostly of the metals iron and nickel. It consists of two parts – a liquid outer core and a solid inner core.

The Core Core has two layers – outer core and inner core. Outer core– made of liquid metal. It flows in currents. These currents make Earth act like a magnet. Inner core – made of solid metals.

The Core Outer core: a layer of molten metal that surrounds the inner core. Inner core: a dense ball of solid metal

The Mantle Key Concept: Earth’s mantle is made up of rock that is very hot, but solid. Scientists divide the mantle into layers based on the physical characteristics of those layers. Overall, the mantle is nearly 3000 km thick.

MANTLE Def.: Layer of the Earth between the crust and core Sent.: Lithosphere is made up of the crust and the top layer of the mantle. Sp.: manto Explain to your neighbor where the mantle of the Earth is located.

The Mantle Mantle is the thickest layer, just below the crust. Has 3 layers. Lithosphere – the crust and the top layer of the mantle. Make of solid rock. Averages 100 km thick. Asthenosphere – the middle layer of the mantle. Made of pliable rock. Mesosphere: Lower mantle – solid rock.

The Mantle Mantle: is the layer below the crust Lithosphere: top layer of the mantle and the crust Asthenosphere: middle layer of the mantle

The Crust Key Concept: The crust is a layer of solid rock that includes both dry land and the ocean floor.

The Crust Thinnest layer – 5 to 70 km thick Oceanic crust – makes up ocean floors and made mostly of basalt Continental crust – makes up the continents and made mostly of granite, thicker than oceanic crust

The Crust Crust: a layer of rock that forms Earth’s outer skin. Basalt: a dark rock with a fine texture Granite: a light color rock with a coarse texture