State Standard SB1B - Explain how enzymes act as catalysts.

Physical vs. Chemical  A ____________ change alters the substance’s ___________ but ______ its ____________.  There is _____ formation of a new substance. 6.2 Chemical Reactions Chemistry in Biology Physical reaction Chapter 6

Physical vs. Chemical Cont’d  A __________ __________ is the process by which atoms or groups of atoms in substances are reorganized into __________ __________. 6.2 Chemical Reactions  Clues that a chemical reaction has taken place include the production of ________ or ________, and formation of a ________, ________, or _______.  ________ reversible! Chemistry in Biology Chemical reaction Chapter 6

Chemical Equations Chemistry in Biology  Chemical formulas describe the ____________ in the reaction and arrows indicate the process of ____________.  Chemical equations have 2 sides:  ____________ are the starting substances, on the left side of the arrow.  ____________ are the substances formed during the reaction, on the right side of the arrow. 6.2 Chemical Reactions Chapter 6

 Example of a chemical equation: During cellular respiration, Glucose and oxygen __________ to form carbon dioxide and water. Chemistry in Biology 6.2 Chemical Reactions Chapter 6 Chemical Equations Cont’d Practice your knowledge by labeling the parts of the equation above.

Chemistry in Biology  The ___________ ____________ is the minimum amount of energy needed for reactants to form products in a chemical reaction. Energy of Reactions 6.2 Chemical Reactions Chapter 6

Chemistry in Biology  A ____________ is a substance that ____________ the activation energy needed to start a chemical reaction.  ____________ are ____________ that act as ____________ catalysts.  It does not increase how ________ product is made – only how __________ it is made. Enzymes 6.2 Chemical Reactions Chapter 6

Chemistry in Biology  All living things are driven by constant internal chemical reactions (____________).  Enzymes help these reactions happen quickly enough for an organism to stay __________.  Enzymes increase the rate (__________) of a reaction by lowering activation energy. 6.2 Chemical Reactions Chapter 6 Enzymes Cont’d

Chemistry in Biology  The reactants that bind to the enzyme are called ___________.  The specific location where a substrate binds on an enzyme is called the __________ ________. 6.2 Chemical Reactions Chapter 6 Enzymes Cont’d

Chemistry in Biology 6.2 Chemical Reactions Chapter 6  The active site changes shape and forms the __________-__________ _________, which helps chemical bonds in the reactants to be broken and new bonds to form. This is called __________ ______. Enzymes Cont’d

Chemistry in Biology  Enzyme activity is affected by factors such as _____, ____________, & other substances.  ____________ pH & temperature can change the ________ of the enzyme and render it ________. This is called ____________. 6.2 Chemical Reactions Chapter 6 Enzymes Cont’d

Chemistry in Biology  Enzymes are __________ for the substrates that they react with…  Enzyme names end with the suffix “-______”.  Examples:  ____________ breakes down the sugar sucrose  ____________ breaks down the sugar lactose  ____________ breaks down protein molecules 6.2 Chemical Reactions Chapter 6 Enzymes Cont’d

Chemistry in Biology  Enzyme action is often compared to the action of ________ & ________… 6.2 Chemical Reactions Chapter 6 Enzymes Cont’d …because each enzyme is shaped to fit together with a ____________ substrate and they are ____________.