Science: Cells Jordan Girling.

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Presentation transcript:

Science: Cells Jordan Girling

Navigation Animal and Plant Cells Images Specialist cells Info Revision Video Stem cell table and chart

Animal and Plant Cells Most cells have some structures in common, they have: A nucleus to control the cell’s activities. Cytoplasm where many chemical reactions take place. A cell membrane that controls the movement of materials in and out of the cell. Mitochondria where energy is released during aerobic respiration. Ribosomes where protein synthesis takes place. Plant cells also have: A rigid cell wall made of cellulose for support. Chloroplasts that contain chlorophyll for photosynthesis; the chloroplasts absorb light energy to make food. A permanent vacuole containing cell sap.

Plant Cell and Animal Cell

Specialist Cells There are many types of animal and plant cell. The structure of the cell is linked to its function. If a cell has many mitochondria t must need a lot of energy, e.g. muscle cell, sperm cell. If a cell has many ribosomes it is making a lot of protein, e.g. gland cells which produce enzymes. Cells with tails are able to move, e.g. sperm cells Neurons are specialised to carry impulses from receptors to the CNS. Plant cells with many chloroplasts will be photosynthesising, e.g. mesophyll cells of a leaf. Root hair cells increase the surface area of the root so that it can absorb water and mineral ions efficiently.

Specialist Cells Gland cell

Digestive System The digestive system is a muscular tube which includes: Glands, such as the pancreas and salivary glands which produce digestive juices. The stomach and small intestine where digestion occurs . The liver which produces bile. The small intestine where the absorption of soluble food occurs. The large intestine where water is absorbed from the undigested food, producing faeces.

GCSE BBC Bitesize - Cells Revision

Public attitudes toward stem cell research 2001-2004 NOTE: Responses to: On the whole, how much do you favour or oppose medical research that uses stem cells from human embryos? SOURCE: Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU), Centre for Public Policy, Public Opinion on Science and Biotechnology: Increasing opposition to cloning, but greater support for embryonic stem cell research, VCU Life Sciences Survey (2004). Science and Engineering Indicators 2006 Favour Oppose 2001 48 43 2002 35 51 2003 47 44 2004 53 36

Public attitudes toward stem cell research 2001-2004

Conclusion All living things are made up of cells. The structures of different types of cells are related to their functions. Animal cells and plant cells have features in common, such as a nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane, mitochondria and ribosomes. Plant and algal cells also have a cell wall, and often have chloroplasts and a permanent vacuole. Bacterial and yeast cells have different structures to animal and plant cells. Dissolved substances pass into and out of cells by diffusion.