Operational amplifier applications

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Presentation transcript:

Operational amplifier applications

Summing amplifier

Instrumentation amplifier

Integrating amplifier

Some sensors output a current rather than a voltage Some sensors output a current rather than a voltage. The most common sensor of this type is the photodiode which has a current output proportional to the amount of light shining on it. The purpose of the signal conditioning circuitry is to convert the current output of the sensor to a voltage. Photocell Connected to a Current Amplifier

Differentiating amplifier

OPAMP in Non-linear configurations Precision rectifier Although there are some limitations, this super diode circuit behaves like an ideal diode for the load RL

OPAMP in Non-linear configurations Precision rectifier (Improved Circuit) transfer characteristic

Peak detector With little modifications basic precision rectifier can be used also for detecting peak levels of signal. In the following circuit a capacitor keeps the peak voltage level of signal and switch can be used for resetting detected level.

OPAMP in Non-linear configurations Logarithmic output

OPAMP in Non-linear configurations Exponential configuration

The effect of using a Schmitt trigger (B) instead of a comparator (A).

Schmitt trigger Link to Simulation

Schmitt trigger with inverting hysteretic switching characteristic Link to Simulation 1 2 switching thresholds are:

A practical Schmitt trigger configuration

Use as an oscillator 1 2