Day 52 Turmoil and Change in Mexico Homework (1-8)
Santa Ana and Mexican American War Antonio Lopez de Santa Ana Leader of Revolt 1821 and President Leads army against Texas Revolt Anglo Population moved to Tejas but did not follow Mexican Culture or Law (religion and slavery) Alamo Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
La Reforma 1831 Benito Juarez – a Zapotec from Oaxaca becomes President Rose in power even in a system that did not give many opportunities to Indigenous La Reforma- land redistribution, separation of church and state, and increased education Conservatives and liberal civil war- Juarez becomes President
French Invasion 1862 – The Battle of the Pastries Cinco de Mayo Napoleon III names Archduke of Austria (Maximillian) as Emperor 1867 seen as to costly so French pull out- Maximilian is executed Juarez is replaced as president- dies of a heart attack in 1872
Porfirio Diaz Diaz takes over militarily as caudillo Policy of “Pan o Palo” Eliminated Mexican Constitution Supported by foreigners Industrial Progress but severe gap between rich and poor. Wages decline. Hacienda- virtual slavery Average life expectancy 30
Revolution Francisco Madero – called for democracy and was exiled Sectional Warfare breaks out against Diaz North (Sonora, Chihuahua) Francisco “Pancho” Villa South (Oaxaca, Chiapas) Emiliano Zapata- Demands Agrarian (farm land) reform
Emiliano Zapata “It is better to die on your feet than to live on your knees.”
Francisco Madero caught between too radical and not revolutionary enough becomes president but resigns Victoriano Huerta has him assassinated Villa and Zapata support Venstiano Caranza – defeat Huerta then Caranza turns army against Villa and Zapata US supports Caranza and invades Veracruz to stop weapons shipments Alvaro Obregon is assassinated PRI- becomes stable party from
The Zapatistas by Jose Clemente Orozco
The Execution of Emperor Maximilian by Edouard Manet