SDM Exam 20th January 2011 We’re all going on a summer holiday! How can tourism affect the physical environment?

Section A: The Background Resources 1, 2, 3 & 4? Tourism facts, Caribbean attractions, tourism and the environment, problems and responsible tourism Resource 1 a) & b) Annotate the graph in your copy of the booklet with the total number of international tourists for each plotted point. Describe the trend of tourism growth shown on this graph. Explain why tourism has increased so much in the last fifty years. Divide the reasons into social and economic.

Section A: The Background Resource 1 c) Draw a mind map to show the factors showing why tourism is so important to the global economy. Give examples of: - jobs in tourism. - how tourism accounts for 10.9% consumer spending. What else contributes to consumer spending? - how tourism accounts for capital investment (money spent by a business to purchase fixed assets e.g. land, machinery and buildings) - government spending on tourism

The multiplier effect

Section A: The Background Resource 2 For each picture on p4 give reasons why 22 million tourists visit the Caribbean. Explain the impacts tourists may have with each of these types of tourism. Resource 3 Explain how each of the factors on the diagram could affect the impact tourism has on the environment. Give examples in each case (picture clues will help).

Section A: The Background Resource 4 Investigate how each of the problems associated with mass tourism can affect tourist destinations. Explain why each of these factors may be worse in LEDC destinations. Explain how responsible sustainable tourism can address each of these problems. How could tourism help to protect the coral reef and Antarctic environments shown in Resource 3?

Section B: The Options Resources 5, 6 & 7? Benidorm, Butlers model, ecotourism Resource 5 & 6 How Benidorm has grown from a ‘sleepy fishing village’ in the 1930s to the ‘Manhattan of Spain’ in 2010? Add labels to your copy of the Butler model to show how tourism in Benidorm has changed since 1930. What lessons could other resorts at earlier stages on the Butler model learn from Benidorm’s experience?

Section B: The Options Resource 7 In your own words describe what is meant by ecotourism. ‘Ecotourism isn’t a perfect solution to the problems of tourism.’ Discuss this statement. Do you agree? Who would agree with you? Who would disagree?

Section C: The Decision Resources 8 & 9 St Lucia fact file, attractions, ecotourism, tourist developments How long is the main tourist season in St Lucia? Other than tourism how else does St Lucia make its money? How reliant is St Lucia on tourism? Complete a spider diagram showing the reasons why tourists are attracted to St Lucia.

Section C: The Decision Complete the cost-benefit analysis of the different types of tourist resort on St Lucia. Which of the resorts would you like to visit most and why? The east of the island is currently undeveloped. Who might want to see it developed and why? Who might wish to see it stay as it is and why? What do you think? Would it be a good idea to develop this area or leave it as it is? If the area was to be developed which type of resort do you think would be best and why?