1. The advantages and disadvantages of tourism

2. Starter – Odd one Out Each row has an odd one out – which one and why?
Great wall of China
Times Square
Niagara Falls
Trafalgar Square
Disneyland Paris
Tokyo Disney
Notre Dame
Louvre
Fishermans Wharf
The vatican
The coliseum
Sydney opera house
Grand Canyon
Empire State Building
London Eye
Taj Mahal
Giza Pyramids
Magic Kingdom, Orlando
What could you replace the odd one out with?

3. Advantages and Disadvantages of tourism
Lesson Objective:
To be able to describe and explain how tourism can affect people, places and the economy in a positive and negative way.

4. Positives v. Negatives
Tourism has both positive and negative impacts for an area.
In the majority of MEDC’s tourism has been the catalyst for economic growth.
Some LEDC's rely on tourism as their principle industry so much that when a problem occurs they have to work very quickly to rectify it.

5. Activity One
In pairs, note down 3 advantages and 3 disadvantages of tourism.
Try to think of more obscure ones!

6. Quick Facts
Tourism in the world’s number one export earner (beating cars, chemicals, fuel and food)
In 2011, more than 1 billion people travelled to a foreign country.
In 2011, more than $478 billion was spent by tourists.
Tourism supports 7% of the world’s workers.
There are more than 11.3 million people working in hotels worldwide.
Many jobs are created directly by tourism – hotels, restaurants, shops and bars/pubs.
Also indirect jobs – supply of goods, delivery drivers, services etc.

7. Advantages of Tourism

8. Advantages Tourism brings much needed investment into an area.
If it is an LEDC, the foreign currency is very important to the local people.

9. Advantages
Tourism provides employment for many local people, ranging from working in the hotels to selling trinkets on the beach.

10. Advantages
Tourism provides employment for many local people, ranging from working in the hotels to selling trinkets on the beach.
Without the tourist industry some less developed countries would have a much greater unemployment problem.

11. Advantages
The money that tourism brings in can be used to improve the infrastructure of the area.

12. Advantages
New roads, airports and facilities can be built, which cater for the increasing number of tourists, but also benefit the local residents.

13. Advantages
Income from tourism may be used to help conserve the natural environment that is the reason why visitors come in the first place.

14. Advantages
The country can benefit from overseas investment, primarily in the tourist industry, but also in other related industries.

15. Advantages
Tourism may help to preserve local cultures and communities, as they become a tourist attraction.

16. Advantages
Tourism may help to preserve local cultures and communities, as they become a tourist attraction.
This is certainly the case with some Masai tribes in Kenya and Maori's in New Zealand.
Both use the visitor's interest and curiosity in their culture to become a tourist attraction.

17. Disadvantages of Tourism

18. Disadvantages
In many resorts in LEDC's very little of the money paid for the holiday actually reaches the country.
The holiday company, travel agents, airlines and hotel companies swallow most of it.

19. Disadvantages
The jobs for the locals are often badly paid, with very poor working conditions.

20. Disadvantages
The huge number of tourists coming to see it could easily damage the environment.
It is very easy for a country to see the short-term economic gains of mass tourism without really taking heed of the long-term environmental damage going on.

21. Disadvantages
Increasing numbers of tourists brings problems such as littering, pollution and footpath erosion.
All of these take time and money to clear up.

22. Disadvantages
Overseas investment, in things like luxury hotels, can mean that the money goes back to the country of origin.

23. Disadvantages
These hotels may also take trade away from local guesthouses and hotels.

24. Disadvantages
Local cultures could be devalued by tourism. They may almost become a freak show, where the visitors begin to look down on the locals as different.

25. ‘Leakage’

26. ‘Leakage’ There are two main ways that leakage occurs: Import leakage
Export leakage
IMPORT LEAKAGE:
This commonly occurs when tourists demand standards of equipment, food, and other products that the host country cannot supply.
Especially in LEDC’s, food and drinks must often be imported, since local products are not up to the hotel's (i.e. tourist's) standards or the country simply doesn't have a supplying industry.

27. ‘Leakage’ EXPORT LEAKAGE:
TNC's have a substantial share in the export leakage.
Often, especially in poor developing destinations, they are the only ones that possess the necessary capital to invest in the construction of tourism infrastructure and facilities.
As a consequence of this, an export leakage arises when overseas investors who finance the resorts and hotels take their profits back to their country of origin.

28. Exam Question
What are the advantages and disadvantages of tourism? (6 marks)
10 minutes

29. Activity Two 10 minutes Complete the worksheet.
This time you should categorise the impacts into positive and negative:
Economic
Social
Environmental
10 minutes