Health Sciences and Practice & Medicine Dentistry and Veterinary Medicine Higher Education Academy Subject Centres Name of facilitator(s) Heather Wharrad Title of facilitator(s) Reader in Education & Health Informatics eLearning in Health 2011 conference collaboration, sharing and sustainability in the current environment Open educational resources:who uses what and for how long

OER movement “..no point duplicating effort to create content that is already available....” (OER Recommendation 6 OLTF Report 2011) Repositories are being filled with OER content eg JORUM, UNOW, MERLOT 1999, the Universitas 21 LRC sought to “make efficiency gains by minimising replication and to reuse the existing unpublished learning and teaching resources that are replicated by universities the world over”. Despite significant backing from VCs the project was terminated in 2006 as a critical mass of users was never achieved (Allen, Kligyte, Bogle & Pursey, 2008). Windle, Wharrad, McCormick, Laverty, Taylor (2010)

Sharing vs Reuse Emphasis on enabling the sharing of OER Little known about ‘reuse’ How much reuse actually occurs?

RLOs and OER OECD (Pedro, 2008): 41% of OER materials = Learning Objects OER/RLO differences - RLO initiatives focus on development (not discovery/aggregation) Communities - “central to sharing and reuse” Addressing quality and sharing built into design

Some we prepared earlier…..

Creative commons licence

Tomorrow the world (n=140) ! RLO Time Research methods Biology Sciences Mental health Paediatrics Evidence-based practice Skills Social sciences Health promotion Ethics Communications Learning disabilities User and carer Patient Safety

Community

Storyboard workshops Spec Review Develop Review Use & evaluation Quality

Evaluation S. A.AgreeDisagreeS. D. The LOs Introduced new concepts clearly S. A.AgreeDisagreeS. D. The LOs were well integrated S. A.AgreeDisagreeS. D. The LOs were at the right level V.I.Important UnimportantV.U. Interactivity “ A brilliant way to learn” “A fun way to learn lots of information”

Response rate on average 5% But wide variation...

Questions Is it important for OER materials to be reused? Who uses OER and why? What type of OER tends to be reused? Should we be promoting reuse? Implications of OER for healthcare education? Method Collated the data ( ) from 5938 feedback forms from 130 RLOs released between 2003 and 2010

RedUniversities GreenColleges PinkOther Institutions YellowPlaces BlueTrusts/Hospitals PurpleSchools

RedUniversities GreenColleges PinkOther Institutions YellowPlaces BlueTrusts/Hospitals PurpleSchools

By institution PlaceNumber Barts and the London178 Sydney Technology University72 Chester University62 Cumbria University59 London Metropolitan58 Nottingham Castle College58 Birmingham City University57 Queen Mary College, University of London52 City University, London49 Thames Valley University47 NUH NHS Trust45 Phoenix University45 Central Lancashire University44 Purdue University44 Kingston University42 Huddersfield University40 Oxford Brookes40 Edinburgh Napier38 West of Scotland University36 West of England University32 Dundee University31 Mansfield Education Centre30 London South Bank University29 Plymouth University29 East Anglia University28 Hull University28 Bournemouth University27 Bolton University25 De Montfort University25 Derby Education Centre24 Manchester Met24 Cambridge University23 Middlesex University23 Northampton University23 Angela Ruskin University22 Kings College London21 Salford University21 St Petersburg College21 Coventry University20 Kaplan University20 Leeds Met University20

University of Technology Sydney 13NCTL - Descriptive statistics for interval and ratio scale data 1NCTL - Probability associated with inferential statistics 2NCTL – Qualitative and quantitative research 5NCTL – Relative reduction and absolute risk 60NUCL – Levels of Measurement 61NUCL - Levels of Measurement: what you can and can't do arithmetically 69NSN – Search strategy for locating Randomised Controlled Trials 6NCTL - Numbers needed to treat and numbers needed to harm 72NSN – The Liver and drug metabolism 7NCTL – Confidence intervals 8NCTL - Determining the clinical importance of trial results 9NCTL – Sensitivity and specificity

Chester University 174NCTL - An introduction to receptor pharmacology 2NCTL - Qualitative and quantitative research 38NCTL – Why critique research 3NCTL – Designing a questionnaire 46NLOL - Aseptic Non-Touch Technique 48NUCL - Bioavailability 52NUCL - Drug-receptor interaction 54NUCL - Half-life of drugs 55NUCL - Hand Hygiene 62NSN- Liver Anatomy 64NUCL - Lock and Key Hypothesis 66NSN- Plasma Proteins and Drug Distribution 74NUCL - Understanding First Pass Metabolism 79NCTL - Targets for Drug Actions 87NMN - Midwife's abdominal examination in the antenatal period

Top 10 RLOs 1.Aseptic Technique (657 Dec 2010 now 900) 2.Menstrual cycle (369) 3.Why critique research? (245) 4.Plasma proteins (227) 5.First pass metabolism (214) 6.Sensitivity & specificity (200) 7.Introduction to the Atom (159) 8.Inflammatory response (158) 9.Literature Searching (154) 10.Glove use (151) Small no of RLOs with only 1-2 returns 1 Clinical skills EBM/EBP Pharmacology Basic Sciences Inform. skills Learning Disabilit y

Aseptic Non-touchTechnique

Patterns of reuse 1. Transfer – simple transfer to a recipient who reuses resources. 2. Relational – where rich reuse partnerships are established. A recipient institution develops a relationship with us and then extends the depth and richness of the reuse partnership, providing feedback, data and possibly then providing resources in return. 3. Nodal – spread from one institution to another and then from the recipient to another. 4. Ripple - spreading out from a recipient institution at the centre, but continuing to spread through the exposure and recommendation of others. 5. Cloning – a host institution reuses our resources and them begins a programme of development and sharing for themselves.

Reuse rate per RLO -assuming 5-10% feedback return? -adjusted for no of RLOs released per year times per RLO

Users Students Lecturer/HCW1846 Public/Parent Patients0.019 Unemployed/retired Teachers/pupils Prospective students0.0043

Ratings

Future work and Implications? Is it important for OER materials to be reused? Who uses OER and why? –telephone interviews to gain better understanding of the reuse communities –how they are using RLOs and other OER –cultural fit and adaptations required What type of OER tends to be reused? –Skills, EBP, pharmacology, learning disability –Attributes of reuse (LOAM tool) Should we be promoting reuse? –Sustainability? Continuing to develop communities of practice around development and sharing Implications of OER for healthcare education? –Dynamic (student centred) digital curriculum map links to OER

Acknowledgements Jocelyn Daniels (HELM Media evaluation Assistant) Richard Windle (HELM Senior Lecturer and SCORE fellow) Mike Taylor, Fred Riley, Lucrezia Herman – (HELM learning technologists) All RLO content writers and reviewers UCEL and RLO-CETL partners

LOAM footprint