Reducing GHG Emissions: The Experience So Far Michael Northrop Rockefeller Brothers Fund WRAP in Santa Fe August 25, 2005

GREENHOUSE GAS REDUCERS: LEADERSHIP EXAMPLES

DUPONT reduced GHG 70% from 1990 levels and saved $2 billion. IBM reduced emissions 65% on 1990 levels and saved US$791 million. BRITISH TELECOM reduced emissions 62% and saved £600 million between 1991 and ALCAN UK reduced emissions 65% below 1990 levels. BAYER reduced emissions 60%. NORSKE CANADA reduced emissions 60% and is saving C$5 million a year.

GREENHOUSE GAS REDUCERS: LEADERSHIP EXAMPLES 3M - 50% reduction in worldwide emissions between 1990 and 2005 and has saved US$200 million in energy costs since ALCOA - 25% reduction in emissions ( ) with $100 million in savings by Aiming for 50%. STMicroelectronics - reduced emissions 20% (wants to be CO2 neutral by 2010); $900 million saving ( ). UTC – 37% below 1997 levels; savings not disclosed. BP – 10% below 1990; saved $650 million.

GREENHOUSE GAS REDUCERS: LEADERSHIP EXAMPLES HSBC STM TEMBEC SWISS RE are all looking to be carbon neutral New Level of Ambition Emerging:

LEADING REDUCERS CITIES  WOKING UK reduced CO 2 emissions 77% on 1990 levels and saved £4.9 million.  PORTLAND reduced emissions 40%, and has delivered $300million in savings to homeowners and small businesses as well as a significant municipal savings.  TORONTO reduced emissions 42% in municipal facilities between 1990 and 1998 – More than CA$40 million in savings and landfill methane sales.  BERLIN reduced emissions 17% between 1990 and 1997 with €2million in annual budget relief.  SAN DIEGO cumulative energy cost savings of $15 million.  MELBOURNE reduced municipal emissions 10% on 1996 levels.

LEADING REDUCERS NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS  GERMANY -19% emission reduction below 1990 levels - creation of 450,000 jobs. Aiming for 40% reduction by  UK -15% reduction so far in GHG emissions with a 36% increase in GDP and a £650 million a year saving between 1989 & 2001; A 20% reduction committed by 2010; 60% promised by  SWEDEN - long term goal of 60% reduction by  NORWAY, JAPAN, FRANCE - committed to 75% reductions by  CANADA - committed to meeting Kyoto; developing long term plan.

Conclusion… …These experiences turn conventional wisdom on its head, demonstrating that reducing emissions is possible, and can be profitable, competitive and supportive of growth…

Some of the Big Lessons It’s Energy Efficiency, stupid Those $20 bills really are laying around It’s management High tech wizardry not a major factor, yet Linking capital to reductions is critical Trading seems to really work (BP, UK) Reductions come faster than expected Moving more quickly garners more benefit

LEADING REDUCERS STATES & REGIONS  NEW ENGLAND STATES committed to 75% to 85% reductions; CT, MA, NY, NJ, ME have detailed near term plans; CT just announced LT plan for 75%; 9 eastern states finalizing RGGI trading program.  CALIFORNIA has announced 80 percent reductions target for 2050; developed law to regulate GHG emissions from private cars..  MANITOBA set 23% reduction target below 1990 levels by 2010; plans to be carbon neutral within 15 years; aiming for a RE led economy.

11 Connecticut Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Targets

12 GHG Plan Summary Table ES.2 Summary of Connecticut GHG Reductions Carbon (MMTCO2e) Projected Reductions by Sector Transportation Residential, Commercial, Industrial Agriculture, Forestry, Waste Electricity Total Direct MMTCO2e Savings

13 Future Economy Fuel Cell Technology in North America

California–economic benefits efficiency standards saved CA individuals and businesses $56 billion through 2003 new rules expected to save another $23 billion by 2013 positioning itself for leadership in the clean energy economy: solar, wind, biofuel; hydrogen

Manitoba - building its future economy around clean energy Largest Canada Wind farm being built; major export market opportunity Farmers now making $5,000 a turbine 30% of Canada’s Ground source heat pump installations; tripled last four years; trains 60% of Canada’s installers Green building program; revitalizing city Hybrid Bus mfg for export First Ethanol and Bio-diesel plants in Canada; new market for 14MM bushels of wheat, and for oil seed crops

One Recent State Study ABT Associates, 1/05 study prepared for U.S. EPA 1. Efforts to reduce carbon intensity through energy efficiency or changes in economic structure can be expected to increase per capita Gross State Product (GSP). 2. Programs and policies (like energy efficiency and renewable/clean energy programs) that target carbon intensity in the commercial, industrial, or "non-value added transportation" (principally personal transportation) sectors can result in increased per capita GSP.