Folie 1 Electricity 2012, Eilat ts/1 Standardization in complex systems- Smart Grid Dr. Bernhard Thies Chairman of the Board of Directors DKE Germany

Folie 2 Electricity 2012, Eilat ts/2 - DKE - Smart Grid - EU Mandate M/490 - Use Case Methodology - Use Cases in the Architectural model Standardization in complex systems

Folie 3 Electricity 2012, Eilat ts/3 - DKE - Smart Grid - Mandate M/490 - Use Case Methodology - Use Cases in the Architectural model Standardization in complex systems

Folie 4 Electricity 2012, Eilat ts/4 Non-profit organization, independent from governmental funding Located in Frankfurt am Main 105 Employees technical experts 290 committees and subcommittees Over 450 working groups 750 meeting days per year Production of more than pages per year DKE in Figures

Folie 5 Electricity 2012, Eilat ts/5 The International System of Standardization DKE ISO IEC ETSI CEN CENELEC Germany (national) Europe (regional) International TelecommunicationGeneralElectrotechnologyStandardization

Folie 6 Electricity 2012, Eilat ts/6 -DKE - Smart Grid - Mandate M/490 - Use Case Methodology - Use Cases in the Architectural model Standardization in complex systems

Folie 7 Electricity 2012, Eilat ts/7 Sustainability: targets  Reduction of CO 2 emissions  Increased generation based on renewable sources and  Need to increase grid and consumption efficiency - decrease losses Security of supply  Increase grid robustness and resilience  Integration of different generators (centralized and distributed) Competitiveness and Internal Market development  Better management of supply and demand  New market opportunities and increased efficiency of the market  Empowerment of consumers All these challenges call for the restructuring of the grids, e.g. the structure of generation, market and the use of electricity. Policy Drivers

Folie 8 Electricity 2012, Eilat ts/8 Future Network Vision: from centralised power generation and unidirectional distribution up to fully meshed infrastructure with arbitrary energy flow A Smart Grid is a Power Grid with a comprehensive and distributed measurement, control, communication and data processing infrastructure, which continuously optimizes the power exchange between generation and load in regard to reliability, economics and environmental friendliness.

Folie 9 Electricity 2012, Eilat ts/9 Flexibility as a New Target  Renewable generation is only partly controllable and predictable ð On the producers‘ side increasing flexibility is demanded ð Therefore the following will be necessary: ð Storage ð Bulk Storage Capacities Pump- or Air pressure storage ð Batteries e.g. EV as well ð Flexible Demand ð Load Shifting Load Oriented Generation + Generation Oriented Consumption

Folie 10 Electricity 2012, Eilat ts/10 Load / Storage / Generation Management Biomass-/ CHP Wind Energy Photo Voltaic Controllable Load Flexible tariffs, Peak shifting New Market Places Storage partly predictable, Non controllable Predictable and controllable Renewables Load Management Thermal Storage: Fridge, Freezer, Air condition Heat pump Peak shifting: Loading of EV Household appliances: dishwasher, washing machine, … Storage Management Classical storage: pumped storage, compressed air in future: Battery Stationary EV Electrical Vehicle Generation Management Combination of controllable and non controllable generation Automation / remote switching of distributed generation Ancillary Services like provision of reactive power

Folie 11 Electricity 2012, Eilat ts/11 -DKE - Smart Grid - EU Mandate M/490 - Use Case Methodology - Use Cases in the Architectural model Standardization in complex systems

Folie 12 Electricity 2012, Eilat ts/12 Scope and Objective The objective of this mandate is to develop or update a set of consistent standards within a common European framework that integrating a variety of digital computing and communication technologies and electrical architectures, and associated processes and services, that will achieve interoperability and will enable or facilitate the implementation in Europe of the different high level Smart Grid services and functionalities as defined by the Smart Grid Task Force that will be flexible enough to accommodate future developments. Building, Industry, Appliances and Home automation are out of the scope of this mandate; however, their interfaces with the Smart Grid and related services have to be treated under this mandate. Interconnection to other mandated work This mandated work will be co-ordinated with the outcomes of the existing mandates M/441 and M/468 to ensure a coherent standardization framework (a bi-directional process). Mandate M/490

Folie 13 Electricity 2012, Eilat ts/13 Description of mandated work Technical Reference Architecture A technical reference architecture, which will represent the functional information data flows between the main domains and integrate many systems and subsystems architectures. Set of Consistent Standards A set of consistent standards, which will support the information exchange (communication protocols and data models) and the integration of all users into the electric system operation. Sustainable standardization processes Sustainable standardization processes and collaborative tools to enable stakeholder interactions, to improve the two above and adapt them to new requirements based on gap analysis, while ensuring the fit to high level system constraints such as interoperability, security, and privacy, etc. Mandate M/490

Folie 14 Electricity 2012, Eilat ts/14 Mandate Scope Organizational Structure of the Smart Grid Coordination Group Smart Grid Coordination Group (former JWG) EC Reference Group Sustainable Processes SG Information Security First Set of Standards Reference Architecture Steering Committee Further Tasks Report 2.0 Liaisons Promotion Existing WGs New joint WGExisting WGs New joint WGs Existing WGs NIST JISC China Etc. TC Level JWG Level EC Level

Folie 15 Electricity 2012, Eilat ts/15 Europe – Standardization Mandate M/490 First set of standards ReferenceArchitecture SustainableProcesses Use-Case- Management, - Collection, Analysis, - Harmonization Kist existing Standards, identify and address gaps ð Create Tools for a Smart Grid Standardization ð Support Technical Standardization Committees ð Deliver a first set of solutions until end of 2012 Smart Grid Information Security End-To-End IT- Security, Data protection and Data Models Create a strategic, flexible framework

Folie 16 Electricity 2012, Eilat ts/16 Milestone Plan “Processes Use Case Management” Inform about Methodology, Template Comments Draft Report 1. Stakeholder meeting - Start UC collection First Analysis - Generic Use Cases Collection of Use Cases Time Table of the WG Sustainable Processes Draft Report Report version 0.6x Workshop 2. and 3. to Generic Use Cases Report version 1.0 – Final Webinar about use case: Generic use cases and methods Comments & Alignment Draft Report Draft Report to EU Commission Comments Draft Report Further work on implementation – refer to outlook First Version of the Use Case Management Repository (UCMR)

Folie 17 Electricity 2012, Eilat ts/17 - DKE - Smart Grid - Mandate M/490 - Use Case Methodology - Use Cases in the Architectural model Standardization in complex systems

Folie 18 Electricity 2012, Eilat ts/18 Use Cases – Interrelation between Domain and IT Experts UML-Graphics Domain Expert IT Expert System Engineer Template as form or check list UML Unified Modeling Language for the technology neutral description of interactions and actors

Folie 19 Electricity 2012, Eilat ts/19 Use Cases – under discussion in standardization  EPRI transferred the use cases approach to Smart Grid / Energy systems  published as IEC PAS „IntelliGrid Methodology for Developing Requirements for Energy Systems“ in 2008  with a first suggestion for a template  Currently various discussions in standardization about further steps towards a use case approach  IEC SG3 -> TC 8, coordination of use cases, new template as CD 8/1307/NP  Use cases had been used internally in various Technical Committees (TC)  Mandate M/441 Smart Metering  Mandate M/490 Smart Grid  Smart Grid Coordination Group – Working Group Sustainable Processes  New discussions in the Strategic Group System aspects

Folie 20 Electricity 2012, Eilat ts/20 TC 13 TC 8 TC 22 TC 57TC 82 TC 88 TC YZ TC XY „TC 8“, „TC 57“, „TC 22“ -> IEC Why is standardization interested in the use case approach?

Folie 21 Electricity 2012, Eilat ts/21 Smart Grid – Collaboration of Technical Committees TC 13 TC 8 TC 22 TC 57TC 82 TC 88 TC YZ TC XY New processes for complex, cross cutting systems? e.g. collaborative description of use cases Web 2.0?

Folie 22 Electricity 2012, Eilat ts/22 Discussion - Use Cases and Requirements Requirements High Level Use Case High Level Use Case High Level Use Case High Level Use Case Individual Use Case Generic Use Case Generic Use Case Generic Use Case Generic Use Case Generic Use Case Generic Use Case Generic Use Case Generic Use Case Generic Use Case Generic Use Case Individual Use Case Project Individual Requirements Individual Use Case Generic Use Case Generic Use Case Individual Use Case Generic Use Case Generic Use Case Individual Use Case Genericl Use Case Genericl Use Case Business Case High Level Use Case Top down approach Bottom up approach

Folie 23 Electricity 2012, Eilat ts/23 Individual Use Case General Use Case General Use Case Individual Use Case General Use Case General Use Case Individual Use Case General Use Case General Use Case Discussion - Use Cases and Requirements – an example Facilitate connections at all voltages / locations for any kind of devices Aggregation DER Aggregation DER EV-Intelligent Charging VPP Individual Business Case EG1 report EU Commission: High Level Functionalities IEC IED Connection to DER Optimization calculation Forecast Send new tariff in standardized format Energy Management Optimization - Calculation set value reactive power to xx High Level Use Case High Level Use Case Individual Use Case General Use Case General Use Case General Use Case General Use Case General Use Case General Use Case General Use Case General Use Case General Use Case Individual Use Case Project

Folie 24 Electricity 2012, Eilat ts/24 Level of ABSTRACTION Low Primary use case scenario Level of GRANULARITY Primary Use case A Primary Use case B High Low High Level Use Case Conceptual Description Business Cases can be linked to architecture and systems High

Folie 25 Electricity 2012, Eilat ts/25 Use Case Process ChangesChangesIdeas/RequirementsIdeas/Requirements Implementation Implementation Use Case Methodology Template Tools Terminology Classification Process Use Case proposals from: Projects National Technical Committees Regulation / Legislation Association Companies Use Case Collection Generic use cases Standardization Repository Analysis for Standards Gaps Revisions Mapping Standard Profiles Test Use Cases Comments Harmonization Detailing Reference Architecture- SGAM IT Security Current Activities Tasks of the WG SP

Folie 26 Electricity 2012, Eilat ts/26 Overall Process Based on IEC/SC3D Workflow Import use case(s) from UCMR to CDD Quality check Errors No errors Edit imported use case Submit use case to VT RejectRejectApproveApprove Process by VT Process by VT Initiation of Change Request (CR ) Update use case database and actor list Update use case database and actor list Error report Discard import CDD Component Data Dictionary VT Validation Team CR Change Request UCMR Use Case Management Repository

Folie 27 Electricity 2012, Eilat ts/27 Use Case Management Repository (UCMR) - Overview Use Case Management Repository Web 2.0 User Interface Actors, Use Cases, Technical Requirements Actors, Use Cases, Technical Requirements UML- Model Website Word/ PDF User Workspace

Folie 28 Electricity 2012, Eilat ts/28 - DKE - Smart Grid - Mandate M/490 - Use Case Methodology - Use Cases in the Architectural model Standardization in complex systems

Folie 29 Electricity 2012, Eilat ts/29 Requirements for a Smart Grid architecture framework  Able to represent system aspects of smart grids in comprehensive, consistent and understandable manner interoperability aspects  Able to locate gaps in standardization  Able to cope with moving targets (in regulation) and evolutionary implementation of smart grids  Reuse existing foundational concepts and work  Independent from technology and solutions © CEN-CENELEC-ETSI 2011

Folie 30 Electricity 2012, Eilat ts/30 SGAM: Putting all together Interoperability Dimension © CEN-CENELEC-ETSI 2011

Folie 31 Electricity 2012, Eilat ts/31 Use Cases Generic Use Cases Repository Further findings: R&D, Pilots, Implementation 2. Step Map UCs to SGAM 1. Step Identify New Generic Use Cases from findings 4. Step Identify new gaps NEW Gap List (follow process 2. from here) Source Expected outcome Result Identification of “new gaps” Systematically investigate need for new standardization according to the new process established by SG-CG Target date from 2013 SGAM GAP Time Horizon Process set end 2012 Iteration ongoing from 2013 source: Dr. Ralph Sporer, Chairman SGAM 3. Step Locate requirements for standards Mandate M/490 – SG-CG How can we systematically identify additional gaps in future?

Folie 32 Electricity 2012, Eilat ts/32 Use Cases for Standardization Use Cases are the basis for further development of standards in complex systems in the following areas  Interoperability Define how standards are used Define abnormal (error) situation handling  Technical requirements IT security and privacy Safety Performance …  Terminology new terms for the IEV based on the smart grid glossary  Standards gap analysis

Folie 33 Electricity 2012, Eilat ts/33 Public Governmental driven (BMWi, PTB (Eichrecht/Messwesen), BSI (Smart Meter Gateway), Bundesnetzagentur, AG Intelligente Netze,...) Associations (ZVEI, BITKOM, VDMA, ZVEH,...) VDE-Expert Groups (ITG, ETG, FNN) E-Energy / R&D Groups (Web2Energy EU Commission Task Force Smart Grid und EG Expert Groups Associations (ENTSO-E, Eurelectric, ESMIG, CECED...) R&D Projects (FINSENY, MIRABEL, ADDRESS,...) Overview with examples of Smart Grid- Standardization - Committees and Groups Council SMB TC 57TC 13 Smart Grid-Comittees SG3 PC 118 TC 57 WG 21, 15, 17,... TC 8 AHG 4 TC 13 WG 14 Lenkungskreis Technical Commitees International Expert and similar Groups with relation to standardization TC 8... TC 57TC 13 TC 8X, K 952K 461 K European German CEN, CENELEC ETSI Smart Grid Coordindation Group FokusgruppenArbeitskreise WG‘s Global Smart Grid Federation ISGAN UN Overview with examples CEN, CENELEC ETSI Smart Meter Coordindation Group WG‘s eMobility Coordindation Group ITU-T ISO/IEC JTC 1 NIA Ergonomie NA GAK TC 247, TC 294 M2M ISO/IEC JTC 1 SWG Smart Grids Focus Group Smart GRid MSB

Folie 34 Electricity 2012, Eilat ts/34 Thank you for your attention! DKE Deutsche Kommission Elektrotechnik Elektronik Informationstechnik im DIN und VDE Stresemannallee 15 D Frankfurt/Main Tel: Dr. Bernhard Thies Chairman of the Board of Directors