i Speak 2010 © 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Chapter 10 Presenting to Inform

Slide 2 © 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Presenting to Inform  Principles of Informative Presentations  How to Identify the Purpose of your Presentation  Principles of Learning  Skills for the Informative Presenter  Ethics and Informative Presentations  An Example of an Informative Presentation

Slide 3 © 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Principles of Informative Presentations  Relate the presenter to the topic –What are your qualifications for speaking on the subject? –Audiences respond favorably to high-credibility sources Relate the topic to the audience Tell listeners how the topic relates to them Ensures interest and understanding

Slide 4 © 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Principles of Informative Presentations  Relate the topic to the audience –Tell listeners how the topic relates to them –Analyze audience beforehand

Slide 5 © 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. How to Identify the Purpose of Your Presentation  Information presentation – increases audience’s knowledge about an issue or idea  Create information hunger –Generate a desire for information –Arouse audience curiosity –Pose a puzzling question

Slide 6 © 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. How to Identify the Purpose of Your Presentation  Help the audience understand information –Use audience analysis to find out how much the audience already knows about the topic –Audiences understand main ideas and generalizations better than specific facts –Use simple words and concrete ideas –Indicating early in speech how it will meet audience’s needs creates anticipation –Overt participation increases understanding

Slide 7 © 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. How to Identify the Purpose of Your Presentation  Help the audience remember information –Reveal what you want the audience to learn from the presentation –Indicate main ideas – generalizations to be remembered – and subordinate ideas – details to support generalizations – clearly –Repeat main idea 2 or 3 times during the presentation –Pause or use physical gestures to indicate importance of specific information

Slide 8 © 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. How to Identify the Purpose of Your Presentation  Help the audience apply information –Information applied immediately is remembered longer –An action tried once under supervision more likely to be tried again –Seek behavioral response – overt indication of understanding

Slide 9 © 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Principles of Learning  Build on the known –Use audience analysis to determine what the audience knows and build on that knowledge  Use humor and wit –Humor – ability to perceive and express that which is amusing or comical –Wit – ability to perceive and express humorously the relationship or similarity between seemingly incongruous or disparate things

Slide 10 © 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Principles of Learning  Use sensory aids –Communicate your message in more than one way Audience members have different learning skills

Slide 11 © 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Principles of Learning  Organize to Optimize Learning –Tell audience what you want them to learn –Place important information early (primacy) Audience cares little about the topic or are highly familiar with the topic –Place information late (recency) Audience cares about the issue, the issue is unfamiliar, or the topic is not interesting Clearly indicate main points and supporting points Use transitions to indicate progress during presentation

Slide 12 © 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Principles of Learning  Reward your listeners –Reward – psychological or physical reinforcement to increase an audience’s response to information given in a presentation Answer “What’s in it for me?” in introduction, body, and conclusion Continually remind audience how information meets its needs

Slide 13 © 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Figure 10.1: Principles of Learning

Slide 14 © 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Skills for the Informative Presenter  Defining – revealing presenter’s intended meaning of a term –Define terms if it is technical, scientific, controversial, or not commonly used Denotation Connotation Etymology –Use compare and contrast, examples, synonyms, or antonyms

Slide 15 © 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Skills for the Informative Presenter  Describing in an Information Presentation –Describing – evokes meaning of a person, place, object, or experience by telling about its weight, color, texture, smell, or feelings about it –Use precise, accurate, specific, concrete language

Slide 16 © 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Skills for the Informative Presenter  Explaining in an Informative Presentation –Explaining – reveals how something works, why something occurred, or how something should be evaluated In explaining or offering an opinion, presenters come close to persuading the audience

Slide 17 © 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Skills for the Informative Presenter  Demonstrating in an Informative Presentation –Demonstrating – showing the audience an object, a person, or place; showing how something works, showing how to do something, or showing why something occurs Consider demonstrating ideas, concepts, or processes that are too complex to be understood through words alone

Slide 18 © 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Figure 10.2: A Checklist for the Informative Speech

Slide 19 © 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Ethics and Informative Presentations  Be sure of the quality of information  Exercise care when using words of others  Be careful not to mislead audience  Be sure audience needs the information  Be sure information is in the audience’s best interests