Diseases and Conditions of Pregnancy pre-eclampsia once called toxemia –a pregnancy disease in which symptoms are –hypertension –protein in the urine –Swelling of the hands and face occurring after the 20th week of pregnancy –Confirmed through protein in urine.

Eclampsia is when hypertension, protein in the urine and swelling (Edema) becomes life-threatening. The symptoms are followed by loss of consciousness, convulsions and possibly coma.

Eclampsia Treatment is delivery of the baby if pre- eclampsia occurs too early the pregnancy is monitored

Gestational Diabetes A diabetic condition that occurs at approximately 20 to 24 weeks Women’s pancreas does not produce enough insulin to regulate their blood sugar. a complication that occurs in approximately 4% can result in various complications with delivery untreated may compromise the health of both mother and baby.

Gestational Diabetes Previously non-diabetic woman may experience diabetes during pregnancy is due to the insulin blocking hormones produced by the placenta. After delivery of the placenta, the condition essentially goes away. Most women’s blood sugar returns to normal almost immediately after giving birth.

Gestational Diabetes Research has indicated that gestational diabetes may be a precursor for developing the condition later in life. Approximately one half of women who develop gestational diabetes develop the condition permanently within about 15 years.

Testing The Glucose Screening Test Around 22 weeks of pregnancy glucose- screening test is preformed The test itself is performed by drawing blood and testing the blood sugar level. Blood sugar level of 120 or higher, a similar, but more in depth, glucose fasting test will be done to confirm the diagnosis.

What About Baby? larger than normal babies jaundice fetal distress risk of cesarean does increase In some cases, it may be necessary to induce labor

placenta abruptio Also referred to as abruptio placenta or placental abruption –The placenta detaches from the uterine wall –Can cause severe bleeding –Can jeopardize the life of the fetus and mother

Placenta Abruptio

Risk Factors Have a history of placenta abruptio. A woman who has had one placenta abruptio has a 4% chance of having another in a later pregnancy. 2 If she has had two or more pregnancies complicated by placenta abruptio, she has a 25% chance of having another Have hypertension, whether it is chronic or has been caused by the pregnancy (pregnancy-induced hypertension). Preeclampsia and High Blood Pressure During Pregnancy.

Risk Factors Smoke cigarettes. Use cocaine. 2, 3 23 Experience physical injury to the uterus, such as from a motor vehicle accident or from a direct blow to the abdomen. 3 3 Have had a premature rupture of membranes (PROM) for more than 24 hours. Have a history of uterine problems, such as a tumor in the uterus (uterine leiomyoma). 2 2

Risk Factors Have been pregnant before The incidence of placenta abruptio increases slightly with age 2 2 Are pregnant with multiple fetuses. Placenta abruptio affects about 12 in 1,000 multiple pregnancies. 5 5 Have had a cesarean delivery (C-section). This slightly increases your risk of placental abruption. 6 6

placenta previa placenta covers part or all of the cervix. About one in 250 pregnant women develop this condition cause severe, often painless bleeding usually toward the end of the second trimester or later. Uncontrolled hemorrhage can jeopardize a woman's life and the life of her baby, causes preterm labor, the baby will be delivered by c-section even if a woman's due date is weeks away.preterm labor

Placenta Previa If an early ultrasound (between 12 and 14 weeks) shows the placenta near, or covering the cervix, don't be alarmed — it is most likely not placenta previa. As the uterus grows, it naturally pulls the placenta away from the cervix; in these cases, medical intervention generally isn't necessary.

Risk Factors Previously delivered a baby by cesarean section Previously been diagnosed with placenta previa face a higher risk with later pregnancies pregnant with twins, you're also more likely to develop placenta previa, Smoking Most women who develop the condition have no apparent risk factors.

Treatment Treatment depends on whether or not bleeding has occurred and how weeks gestation. diagnosed after the 20th week, but not bleeding, cut way back activity level and increase the amount of time in bed. Bleeding heavily, hospitalized until woman and the fetus are stabilized. If the bleeding stops or is light continued bed rest until ready to deliver