PCRA Guide Renante Cempron

Notes to trainers In all activities, employ participatory approach so that audience/participants will learn things by doing Use this module Ensure that the minimum data requirement to produce our project plan is considered (check templates and list of activities) You can collect other data if you like but make sure you covered all the minimum Insert breaks between sessions Insert warm-ups and ensure activities are fun Identify co-facilitators/team leaders to assist you during the 2 and a half day workshop Ensure all materials are ready: printed materials, templates, meta cards, manila papers, projector, laptop, electricity, Use attendance sheets Take photos highlighting activities Create action plan for next steps: validation, creative presentation of data, validation, planning and monitoring (persons involve, date, budget, expected output) Ensure availability of trainers (2-3)

Cont..Notes to Trainers Involve participants in preparation stage (administrative and logistical concerns) Assign participants to lead in teams based on their skills during the field work stage Invite participants who represents sectors in the community to encourage coaching and peer learning Ensure accessibility of training venue and acceptability of day and time Schedule physically demanding activities in the morning where energies if higher than in the afternoon Schedule activities in times of good weather conditions for underwater surveys Make the training as interesting and fun (provide simple instructions for ice breakers, warm-ups and breaks between sessions are important) Conduct courtesy calls and briefings with local government officials/leaders regarding the objectives and outputs of the workshop (local leaders/ and officials buy in). Make an initial visit to get a general feel of village and community to familiarize with the local characteristics and features. Familiarize the vicinity where to conduct field activities and the key informants Encourage sectoral groups and the general public in the village to actively participate during the PCRA activities Encourage leaders/officials to invite participants Appointments with key informants must be confirmed

Cont..Notes to Trainers Explanation and discussion of each tools can be done in a plenary simultaneously with several groups (it depends on the number of facilitators and participants) Practice sessions is necessary before the actual activities Inform the participants that they will be going to the field Group the participants according to the major activities (FGDs, habitat assessment, fish visual census) For the habitat assessment and FVC, it is advisable to include fisher’s For the FGD, it is recommended that you have a combination of women, fishers, youth and Barangay officials Advice participants to wear casual clothing, bring extra clothes, wear comfortable shoes, bring traditional goggles and fins if not comfortable with commercial ones Be on time

Complete PCRA tools (8 FGDs and community reef survey) Proceso sa PCRA Collect relevant secondary information (This is your Site summary before University Phase) Complete PCRA tools (8 FGDs and community reef survey) Conduct initial compilation and analysis Get community feedback Finalize profile (This goes to your BROP) Use profile in planning (3rd University phase)

Atong tool: FGD FGDs are conducted to discuss specific topics or issues in detail. A small group of people (10-15 per group) who are knowledgeable or interested in the topic are invited to participate in the discussions. FGDs are generally effective to generate information about specific topics or issues. A facilitator is chosen to ensure the discussion does not stray too far from the intended topic and that no one participant dominates the discussion. A documenter is also necessary to ensure that information/data generated during the discussion are noted down. Group FGDs require advance planning. We will employ the FGD tool in gathering all information relating to fisheries, socio-economic, diagramming (trend and calendar) and resource mapping (fishers, gleaners and MPA).

Complete PCRA tools (8 FGDs and community reef survey) Collect relevant secondary information (This is your Site summary before University Phase) Complete PCRA tools (8 FGDs and community reef survey) Conduct initial compilation and analysis Get community feedback Finalize profile (This goes to your BROP) Use profile in planning (3rd University phase) Mga PCRA FGDs Data gathering: collection of data relevant for planning (time frame February to March) Fishery demographics (Brgy.) Trend diagram (catch effort over time) (Brgy.) Calendar diagram (seasonality of gears and catch) (Brgy.) FGD on MPA enforcement (current enforcement system, records of infraction) (MPA) FGD on fisheries (gears and catch inventory) (Brgy.) MPA (history, folklore and uses) (Brgy.) FGD on resource mapping (fishers and gleaners) (Brgy.) FGD on socio-economic (specific on fishing) (Brgy.)

Mao ni atong gamiton: Focus Group Discussion (FGD) FGDs ay sinasagawa upang talakayin ang mga isyu (MPA). Kailangan ang 10-15 na tao na malawak ang kaalaman at interesado sa isyu na magparticipate sa discussions.

Pag-analisa kasama ang komunidad (pagkatapos ng mga gawain) Pagkuha ng summary Paggawa ng graph (sa manila paper) Pag-tabulate (gamit ang templates) Practice simple deduction by asking questions Anong ibig sabihin ng graph? Paglilinaw Isulat ang mga sagot

1. How to do: Fishery Demographics Prepare Template 1 in a manila paper Explain what is fishery demographics (next slide) Explain the benefit of the workshop (next slide) Do in plenary, ask the participants questions using the first column of the template Write all answers in the template Always ask for clarifications and comments Summarize

1. Definition and benefit: Fishery Demographics Describes the fishery of the locality (demographics) Provides information on the fishing age, number of fishers (full and part time), and other practices of different groups Helps in legislation (regulation fishers-from within and outside the Municipality) FGD (30 minutes, 10-15 participants)

Template 1: Fishery Demographics Details Number Number of fishermen (full time) Fisherfolk member or no? Kung no, bakit? what PO) Registered ba o hindi? Number of fishermen (part time-farmers) Number of fishers (women) Number of fishers (children) Number of gleaners (part time, recreational, panud-an) Number of boats motorized Number of non-motorized boats Ave. number of individuals in a motorized boat/trip Ave. number of individuals in a non-motorized boat/trip Other forms of livelihood /month Lean months for fishing/why Peak months for fishing/why

2. How to do: Calendar Diagram Data gathering Data validation Data consolidation Planning Monitoring 2. How to do: Calendar Diagram Prepare Template 2 in a manila paper Explain what is calendar diagram (next slide) Explain the benefit (next slide) Do in plenary, ask the participants questions using the variables in the column of the template Write all answers in the template Always ask for clarifications and comments Summarize

2. Definition and benefit: Calendar Diagram Data gathering Data validation Data consolidation Planning Monitoring 2. Definition and benefit: Calendar Diagram Illustrates seasonality of fish composition and gears in the locality Provides pattern or cycle of gear and catch in a year Helps in legislation (regulation of gears and catch) FGD (2 hrs, 10-15 participants)

Template 2: Calendar diagram Month Fish species caught (kg) Gear type used Number of users January February March April May June July August September October November December

2. Output: Calendar Diagram

3. How to do: Trend Diagram Prepare Template 3 in a manila paper Explain what is trend diagram (next slide) Explain the benefit (next slide) Do in plenary, ask the participants questions using the variables in the columns of the template Write all answers in the template Always ask for clarifications and comments Summarize

3. Definition and benefit: Trend Diagram A graphical representation of the catch effort over time and the direction of change May help project what will be the catch in the future depending on current management Provide buy in to improve current management practices FGD (10-15 participants-mostly fishermen aged 50-70 years old)

Template 3: Trend Diagram Year Kilogram of catch/fisher Major fishery issues/events/history/changes in fishing methods/ Fish species caught 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2002 2007 2010

Introduction of cyanide and dynamite fishing 3. Output: Trend Diagram Introduction of cyanide and dynamite fishing Use of fine mesh nets ?

4. How to do: MPA Enforcement Prepare Template 4 in a manila paper Explain what is MPA enforcement workshop activity (next slide) Explain the benefit (next slide) Do in plenary, ask the participants questions using the variables in the columns of the template Write all answers in the template Always ask for clarifications and comments Summarize

4. Definition and benefit: MPA Enforcement A simple documentation showing history of enforcement, enforcement practices and some details regarding infractions, gears and perpetrators. Can help us understand who, where, what-MPA intrusions Can help in legislation and planning and carrying out enforcement systems FGD (2 hrs, 10-15 participants-enforcers, some PNP mebers can assist)

Template 4: MPA Enforcement Year Number of infringement Types/forms of infringement/gears used Intruders (from where, who, age group) Course/s of action taken (apprehension, affidavit writing, litigation, imprisonment) Forms of incentives/disincentives Remarks Year 1 (After MPA establishment) Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Year 6

5. How to do: Fish catch and gears Prepare Template 5a, 5b, and 5c in a manila paper Explain what is fish catch and gear inventory workshop (next slide) Explain the benefit (next slide) Do in plenary, ask the participants questions using the variables in the columns of the template Write all answers in the template Always ask for clarifications and comments Add specific type of gear if necessary by inserting a column Summarize

5. Definition and benefit: Fish catch and gears An inventory of all gears and type of catch in the locality Helps describe what gear catches what fish Provides information on gear diversity and multi gear fishery Can help in decision making for regulations and legislations FGD (2 hrs, 10-15 participants-mostly fishers)

Template 5a: Fish catch and gear inventory Gear used Regulated or no? What is the type of regulation? Total number in the barangay Number of users in the barangay Soaking time Number of users in one gear per trip Frequency of use in a day List of fish caught Hook and line (multiple-offshore or single) Fish trap (bubo) Gill nets (bottom set gill net) Beach seine Trawl fishing Spear

Template 5b: Fish catch and gear inventory Mangrove Seagrass Corals Deep sea 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Template 5c: Other resources Invertebrates Mangrove Seagrass Corals Deep sea 1. Banagan 2. Hipon 3. Kasag 4. Pusit 5. Kogita 6. Balat 7. Sea urchin 8. Sea horse 9. Shells 10. Lato

6. How to do: MPA History and folklore Copy Template 6 in a manila paper Explain what is MPA history activity (next slide) Explain the benefit of the workshop (next slide) Do in plenary, ask the participants questions using the variables in the columns of the template Write all answers in the template Always ask for clarifications and comments Add specific type of gear if necessary by inserting a column Summarize

6. Definition and benefit: MPA History A historical account of the use, users and resources and folklores (practices) of the MPA An inventory of indigenous knowledge relating to fishing grounds as sacred or special areas that may form part of layman’s management practice Could date back to time that can be recalled by participants Provides a comparison of the use, users, and resource (what changed overtime) FGD (2 hrs-10-15 participants-fishers residing close to or knowledgeable of MPA history)

Template 6: MPA History and folklore Year Uses and activities of Core Zone; folklores Uses and activities of the Buffer Zone; folklores Before establishment 1 year after establishment 2 years after establishment 3 years after establishment (up to 2010)

7. How to do: Resource Mapping (fishers and gleaners) Group participants in 2 (Fishers and Gleaners) Gleaners will map gleaning area, resources-mostly invertebrates, and landmarks) Produce a base map of the barangay How: Project a map of the barangay using LCD Trace the map using manila paper Validate map by getting GPS coordinates (tracking function) Prepare crayons and pens of various colors Explain what is Resource mapping activity (next slide) Explain the benefit of the workshop (next slide) Do in plenary, show to the participant all codes (Habitat, Resources, Resource use and issues) Explain the codes and instruct participants to use them If new elements are added, please create new code following the sequence (e.g. dynamite fishing has no code, if existing in you area use IS13) Always ask for clarifications and comments Summarize

7. Definition and benefits: Resource Mapping (fishers and gleaners) A visual representation of an area highlighting relationships between elements Can provide us quick reference as to areas of uses, issues, areas of conflict, fishing grounds and etc. Provides direct appreciation of the community of their barangay Useful tool for the community planning FGD (3 hrs, 10-15 or more participants); Resource MAP for gleaners (mostly females and kids)

Area in meters/Use CLUP data 7a. Habitat Coding Habitats Area in meters/Use CLUP data Color Sample color Terrestrial Light yellow Mangrove Green Muddy Black Rocky Brown Seagrass Light green Corals Red Deep sea Dark blue Marine water Light blue Estuary Violet Tidal flats Orange Sand bar Yellow Major fishing grounds Gray Marine Protected Area Red-Orange

7b. Resources Code

7b. Resource code continuation….

7c. Resource use and issues code

7. Output: Resource Mapping (fishers and gleaners)

8. How to do: Socio-economic (fisheries) Copy Template 8a and 8b in a manila paper Explain what is Socio-economic tool (next slide) Explain the benefit of the workshop (next slide) Do in plenary, ask the participants questions using the variables in the columns of the template Write all answers in the template Always ask for clarifications and comments Summarize

8. Definition and benefit: Socio-economic (fisheries) A simple profile of fishing activities focusing on day to day income and expenses This is useful in describing the magnitude of people involved in fishing activities (full time fisheries, part time fisheries, gleaners and youth). Additional information on boat and users per trip will also demonstrate the amount of effort put by fishers in order to keep at par with the current fisheries situation. Provide us a baseline or pattern (economics, gears, catch composition) FGD (2 hrs, 10-15 participants)

Template 8a: Socio-economic (fisheries) use range (5-10 kilos; 100-500Php) Gear type Operational expenses per trip (hook, nylon, net, bait, gasolina) Number of kilos caught per trip Number of kilos sold Price per kilo Market Net income Types of expense from sales Number of kilos to take home Hook and line (single) (treat each variation with a single row) Hook and line (multiple) (classify according to number of hooks and treat each with a single row) Fish trap (bubo) (treat each variation with a single row) Gill nets Cast net (treat each variation with a single row) Beach seine Fish corral Spear

Template 8b. Alternative source of livelihood for groups in the barangay Alternatibong Panginabuhian Gasto (similya, materiyales, suhol) Kita Asa ibaligya Unsaon ang kita Seaweeds Charcoal Copra Others

Conduct initial compilation and analysis PCRA Process Collect relevant secondary information (This is your Site summary before University Phase) Complete PCRA tools (8 FGDs and community reef survey) Conduct initial compilation and analysis Get community feedback Finalize profile (This goes to your BROP) Use profile in planning (3rd University phase)

2. Analysis with the community (after each activity day) Summarizing (sub-totals and totals) Practice graphing (in manila paper) Practice tabular presentation (see templates) Practice simple deduction by asking questions What is the graph or table saying? What is the trends? What are the explanations of the patterns? Find relationship as to the activities /practices of the community Document answers and explanations

Get community feedback PCRA Process Collect relevant secondary information (This is your Site summary before University Phase) Complete PCRA tools (8 FGDs and community reef survey) Conduct initial compilation and analysis Get community feedback Finalize profile (This goes to your BROP) Use profile in planning (3rd University phase)

3. Get Community Feed back (Validation) Ipresent ang datos sa barangay assembly Ihanda ang mga resulta ng PCRA (analysis, graphical presentation) Isama ang commentaryo ng mga tao Ipresent ug magkuha ug feedback (KAP survey) Category Transect 1 Transect 2 Transect 3 Total % CB 1 2 3.7 CM 3 5.5 CF MA 1.8 OT SC RU 5 8 7 20 37.0 RCK 12 10 29 42.5 54 100

Activities during validation Can be done during general assembly or special forum Presentation of all data in simple way (all results) TWG members leading each tool can facilitate presentation Includes TWG and MANCOM Org Dev Plan and Action Plan Collect comments from the community Incorporate comments (right after the validation day to avoid loss files)

PCRA Process: Pag-consolida ng impormasyon Collect relevant secondary information (This is your Site summary before University Phase) Complete PCRA tools (8 FGDs and community reef survey) Conduct initial compilation and analysis Get community feedback Finalize profile (This goes to your BROP) Use profile in planning (3rd University phase)

4. Pag-consolida: Fisheries Profile Data gathering Data validation Data consolidation Planning Monitoring 4. Pag-consolida: Fisheries Profile Activities Write shop (fisheries)

Mga gawain sa pag-consolida Pagsamahin and mga resulta (8 ka FGDs) Kompletohon and analysis ug conclusion Kini ang gitawag nga Fisheries Profile nga masulod sa BROP: Governance and Management Plan

4. PCRA Process: Planning Collect relevant secondary information (This is your Site summary before University Phase) Complete PCRA tools (8 FGDs and community reef survey) Conduct initial compilation and analysis Get community feedback Finalize profile (This goes to your BROP) Use profile in planning (3rd University phase)

4. Pagplano: Plan [After the Campaign] Data gathering Data validation Data consolidation Planning Monitoring 4. Pagplano: Plan [After the Campaign] Gawain MPA Management and enforcement Planning Workshop Campaign planning MPA Management and Governance Plan + Campaign Work Plan CONSERVATION RESULT

Mga gawain sa pagplano Timeframe (after campaign launch) Ilabas ang lahat ng PCRA results Present to participants (TWG and ManCom) Gamitin ang PCRA results upang matukoy ang mga startehiya Ito ang ating Long term plan