1 1 Focus on Your Audience Effective Briefings

2 2 Key Concept

3 3 Background The term “Intelligence Oversight came about as a result of a government review involving congressional hearings in the early 1970s of alleged constitutional abuses by DoD intelligence components. The abuses concerned compilation of information on civilians at college campuses who were protesting the Vietnam War. The review included alleged constitutional abuses by the Nixon administration. As a result of these reviews, Presidents Ford and Carter issued Executive Orders (E.O.) and 12036, respectively, regarding intelligence activities and constitutional rights. President Reagan’s version of this Order (E.O.12333) was affirmed by Presidents Bush, Clinton, and Bush, and remains in effect today. Executive Order 12333, “United States Intelligence Activities,” was intended to provide the intelligence community with clear guidance on their roles and missions and facilitate their activities, while protecting the rights of the American people. DoD Regulation R implements E.O and governs the activities of DoD intelligence components. The Army implements E.O and DoD R through AR AR applies to Army military, civilian, and contractor personnel and is supplemented at INSCOM (our supplement is presently under revision). AR Chapters Chapters 1 through 4 cover general provisions of DoD R. This covers the collection, retention, and dissemination of intelligence information on US persons. Chapter 1, General. Enables DoD intelligence components to carry out their functions while ensuring the rights of US Persons are protected. Bottom Line: A member of an intelligence component MAY NOT conduct an intelligence mission unless he/she has been lawfully assigned that function. Chapter 2, Collection. “US persons” are defined as a US citizen, known permanent resident alien, associations substantially composed of US persons, or a corporation if incorporated in the US and not directed and controlled by a foreign government. Outside the United States, the above are presumed NOT to be a US person UNLESS there is specific information to the contrary. Under Chapter 2, intelligence information which identifies a US person may be collected by a DoD intelligence component only if: Information is necessary to conduct a function assigned to the component’s authorized mission; and it falls into an authorized category of paragraph 2-2.The collection of information about US persons shall be accomplished by the least intrusive means. Chapter 3, Retention. Intelligence information on US persons may only be retained if properly collected in accordance with Chapter 2. Intelligence information concerning US persons may be held up to 90 days for the purpose of making a determination about its collectability. Chapter 4, Dissemination. Intelligence information on US persons may only be disseminated if properly collected and retained, and provided to a recipient who is reasonably believed to have a need for the information in the performance of a lawful government function and is listed in paragraph 4-2. Sea of Text Chapters 5 thru 10: Special Collection Techniques: 5 - Electronic Surveillance 6 - Concealed Monitoring 7 - Physical Searches 8 - Mail Searches and Examination 9 - Physical Surveillance 10- Undisclosed Participation in Organizations Bottom Line: These techniques are used by operational personal who must be very familiar with the provisions of these Chapters and must consult Legal Counsel and Intelligence Oversight personnel accordingly. Chapter 11, Contracting for Goods and Services: Bottom Line: Read and understand if involved in contracting. Chapter 12, Assistance to Civilian Law Enforcement Authorities: Bottom Line: Read and understand if your job may potentially involve you in supporting such authorities. Chapter 13, Experimentation on Human Subjects for Intelligence Purposes: Bottom Line: DO NOT. Chapter 14, Employee Conduct: Individuals, supervisors, and Intelligence components must ensure they and their employees are familiar with this and other applicable regulations, and must report questionable intelligence activities and Federal crimes upon discovery. Personnel reporting questionable activities or Federal crimes are protected from reprisal. Bottom Line: You are required to be familiar with Oversight regulations and, if a supervisor, to educate your people. Chapter 15, Questionable Intelligence Activities: Any conduct that constitutes or is related to an intelligence activity that may violate the law, any E.O. or Presidential directive, or applicable DoD regulation or policy, must be reported upon discovery. This may be accomplished by reporting through the chain of command, IG, or appropriate intelligence oversight officer. Reports will reach DAIG-IO within 5 days of discovery. Inquiries or investigations are conducted on all reports and appropriate action is taken. Bottom Line: You must report and it must be quick. This has high visibility. Chapter 16, Federal Crimes: Bottom Line: Same as Chapter 15. You are obligated to report federal crimes committed by Intelligence personnel. Chapter 17, Support to Force Protection, Multinational Intelligence Activities, Joint Intelligence Activities, and Other DoD Investigative Organizations: Bottom Line: If you are a collector in the United States, you must limit your threat collection to that which has a foreign intelligence or foreign terrorism nexus. If working in Multinational duties, you may not conduct activities that violate US laws and Oversight regulations, even if legal under the standards of other Nations. 1. Font Size – Minimum 14 pt bold 14 Pt Font 16 Pt Font 12 Pt Font Easily readable from the seats at the back 2. Consider using a handout instead If it is important to read – use a medium suited for reading 3. Some people read fast, others slow Keep the audience together – Control the flow of the brief

4 4 Quad Charts These bullets are what I as the speaker am current talking about Naturally, I want the audience to stay with me My words and bullets are meant to go together in a cohesive manner – captivating the audience Some in the back of the room are struggling to read this because the font is small - 14 pt Calibri Some big wig told me to use the upper left quadrant for a specific purpose But because there was a lot of information this week, I had to make the font small Meanwhile, I know some of the audience members are all impressed with themselves because they read faster than the average bear and really like charts and numbers So as I am talking about ideas in the upper left, the whiz kids are looking down here trying to figure out what a 782Q is and gloating over finding a math error Pirate Barge 14:34 10 Jun 2013 CAPT Grundy Chetworth Revolutionary Dredger's Union Andersport, Oregon Maintaining the focus of the audience is very difficult Quad charts naturally detract from this goal We all like pictures and maps so the majority of the audience is looking at the upper right quadrant So I know darn well that everyone in the audience is thinking about different things Yes, I'm talking about you. No, I was not just saying blah, blah, blah, yada, yada, yada while you were reading this quadrant If you have questions about these other quadrants - that's just too bad for you. You were supposed to stay with me and not read ahead. Quad charts may be great for handouts, but are poorly suited for presentation during a briefing - You - The Audience

5 5 Interest Level vs Comprehension Sanskrit Cuneiform VCR How quickly will you stop caring?

6 6 Text Might be Insignificant I hope this doesn't say anything inappropriate.

7 7 Briefing Length Don't tell briefers how many slides to use. One minute per slide is a good Rule of Thumb. Instead - tell them how much time they have.