Different Forms of Government Mrs. Rowett Global RB 2007

Democracy A political system in which the government is under the control of the citizens themselves, or elected representatives chosen from eligible citizens Started in Athens, Greece. Practiced in Israel, England, France, Germany, India.

Feudalism King controlled huge tracts of land. He would give his support and a large piece of land, called a fief, to a powerful lord in return for loyalty and military support. The peasants were expected to grow food, tend the land, and provide military support to the feudal lords. Under European feudalism, there was very little opportunity for social advancement. Began around 500AD – 1400AD

Divine Right The justification of monarchy through the word of God. Examples: Philip II of Spain Louis XIV of France

Absolutism Throughout the 1500s and 1600s, absolutism, when kings or queens have complete control over government and the lives of their subjects, was the most widespread political system in use in Europe and parts of Asia. Examples: Catherine the Great Peter the Great of Russia Suleiman of the Ottoman Empire

Totalitarianism A form of government in which the political authority exercises absolute and centralized control over all aspects of life, the individual is subordinated to the state, and opposing political and cultural expression is suppressed. Examples: Hitler – Germany Stalin – Soviet Union Mao Zedong - China

Communism System of government in which a single party holds power. It is characterized by state control of the economy, and restriction on personal freedoms. It was first proposed by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels in The Communist Manifesto. Examples: Soviet Union - Lenin China – Mao Zedong

Different Types of Economic Systems

Traditional Economy Based on tradition Family rule Usually mostly agricultural Limited barter trade Examples: Neolithic Civilizations Early River Valley Civilizations

Manorialism Economic portion of feudalism where all aspects of life were centered on the lord’s manor including peasant villages, a church, farm land, a mill, and the lord's castle or manor house. Everyone has a well defined place in the social structure

Capitalism An economic system in which the means of production and distribution are privately owned Development is proportionate to the accumulation and reinvestment of profits gained in a free market.

Imperialism When a strong nation takes over a weaker nation or region and dominates its economic, political, or cultural life. Causes of European Imperialism Economic Motives When a strong nation takes over a weaker nation or region and dominates its economic, political, or cultural life. The Industrial Revolution created an insatiable demand for raw materials and new markets. Nationalism European nations wanted to demonstrate their power and prestige to the world. Balance of Power European nations were forced to acquire new colonies to achieve a balance with their neighbors and competitors. White Man's Burden The Europeans’ sense of superiority made them feel obligated to bring their version of civilization to areas they considered uncivilized.

Communism or Marxism Economic system characterized by the collective ownership of property and by the organization of labor for the common advantage of all members.