1. Fundamentals of Computer Systems Define a computer system Computer Systems in the modern world Professional standards for computer systems Ethical, environmental, legal considerations INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT MAIN MEMORY BACKING STORAGE System Boundary The Kernel is the lowest level of an operating system and can be used across multiple platforms The Computer Misuse Act (1990) The Eight Principles of Data Protection

2. Computer Hardware (part 1) Purpose, function & characteristics of CPUs Fetch Decode Execute The processing of a computer program is carried out by the central processing unit (CPU) The CPU has two main components 1. The control unit 2. Arithmetic and logic unit (ALU) CPU Cache Main memory Memory ROM RAM Virtual Memory Cache Memory Flash Memory Representing Data with Logic Diagrams and Truth Tables

2. Computer Hardware (part 2) Input/ Output Devices Specialist Input/ Output Devices Definition of Secondary Storage Common storage technologies Justifying the choice of secondary storage

3. Software Functions of an operating system Purpose and use of common utility programs Comparison of the sources of Software Custom WrittenOff the shelfOpen sourcesProprietary Advantages Disadvantages

4. Data in Computer Systems (part 1) Key terms Converting into binary (and why we do it) Adding binary & overflow Hexadecimal The number 45 in binary Key Terms BitBinary digit 1 or 0 Byte8 bits Nibble4 bits or half a byte (haha!) Kilobyte1024 bytes Megabyte1024 kilobytes Gigabyte1024 Megabytes Terabyte1024 Gigabytes Base 10Base 2Base A B C D E F

4. Data in Computer Systems (part 2) How binary is used to represent data Character sets (ASCII & Unicode) Meta data and its use with images Sampling sound in digital format Instructions and data When a computer is instructed to run a program it is directed to the start address for these data instructions. A program instruction has two parts, the operator and the operand It is the operators job to tell the CPU what to do and the operands job to tell the CPU what to apply the instruction to.

What is a database? The use and purpose of Database management software Database structures with examples DBMS functions SQL Relationship diagrams 5. Databases Entity – Something that we store data about in a database Record – All the data about one item in a database Attribute – A characteristic of an entity. It becomes a field in a data table Field – A characteristic of something stored in a database StudentslessonsTeachers

6. Communication & Networking (part 1) Network Hardware Client/server & Peer to peer networks Network topologies Protocols, IP addressing, MAC addressing and packets Protocols are the rules for communication, in computing these means between computer devices.

LANs & WANs 6. Communication & Networking (part 2) What is the internet? IP addressing and DNS Hardware required to connect to the internet HTML and common file standards Compressing files Lossy and lossless compression

7. Programming High level and machine code Assemblers, compilers and interpreters What an IDE is and the tools available from IDEs Algorithms and pseudo code Start Is temp <19 Turn heating on Turn heating off Is temp >21 Yes No Variables and constants Data types integer, real, Boolean, character and string Common operators Manipulating Arrays Syntax errors and testing