The Gospel of John The Life of Jesus as recorded by John The Life of Jesus as recorded by John Jesus, on trial Jesus, on trial Week 16, November 19, 2014 Week 16, November 19, 2014

John 18:1-11: - “When Jesus had spoken these words, He went out with His disciples over the Brook Kidron, where there was a garden, which He and His disciples entered…” John 18:1-11: - “When Jesus had spoken these words, He went out with His disciples over the Brook Kidron, where there was a garden, which He and His disciples entered…” The scene at the Garden of Gethsemane occurs at this point The scene at the Garden of Gethsemane occurs at this point “And Judas, who betrayed Him, also knew the place; for Jesus often met there with His disciples. Then Judas, having received a detachment of troops, and officers from the chief priests and Pharisees, came there with lanterns, torches, and weapons. Jesus therefore, knowing all things that would come upon Him, went forward and said to them, “Whom are you seeking?” “And Judas, who betrayed Him, also knew the place; for Jesus often met there with His disciples. Then Judas, having received a detachment of troops, and officers from the chief priests and Pharisees, came there with lanterns, torches, and weapons. Jesus therefore, knowing all things that would come upon Him, went forward and said to them, “Whom are you seeking?” These troops/officers are Temple soldiers. Rome is not involved yet. These troops/officers are Temple soldiers. Rome is not involved yet. Word for detachment of troops can mean three sizes of men, the most common usage referred to a group of 600 soldiers. Word for detachment of troops can mean three sizes of men, the most common usage referred to a group of 600 soldiers Smallest!! of them was still 200 soldiers. Smallest!! of them was still 200 soldiers. All to arrest the non-violent Son of God All to arrest the non-violent Son of God The Gospel of John

John 18:1-11: “They answered Him, “Jesus of Nazareth.” John 18:1-11: “They answered Him, “Jesus of Nazareth.” Jesus said to them, “I am He.” And Judas, who betrayed Him, also stood with them. Now when He said to them, “I am He,” they drew back and fell to the ground.” Jesus said to them, “I am He.” And Judas, who betrayed Him, also stood with them. Now when He said to them, “I am He,” they drew back and fell to the ground.” Many of these men had probably seen/heard Jesus before. Many of these men had probably seen/heard Jesus before. Then He asked them again, “Whom are you seeking?” And they said, “Jesus of Nazareth.” Then He asked them again, “Whom are you seeking?” And they said, “Jesus of Nazareth.” “Jesus answered, “I have told you that I am He. Therefore, if you seek Me, let these go their way,” that the saying might be fulfilled which He spoke, “Of those whom You gave Me I have lost none.” “Jesus answered, “I have told you that I am He. Therefore, if you seek Me, let these go their way,” that the saying might be fulfilled which He spoke, “Of those whom You gave Me I have lost none.” John again filling in 60 years later. John again filling in 60 years later. “Then Simon Peter, having a sword, drew it and struck the high priest’s servant, and cut off his right ear. The servant’s name was Malchus. So Jesus said to Peter, “Put your sword into the sheath. Shall I not drink the cup which My Father has given Me?” “Then Simon Peter, having a sword, drew it and struck the high priest’s servant, and cut off his right ear. The servant’s name was Malchus. So Jesus said to Peter, “Put your sword into the sheath. Shall I not drink the cup which My Father has given Me?” Again, an eye-witness’ flavor of the scene. Again, an eye-witness’ flavor of the scene. The Gospel of John

John 18:1-11: Thoughts John 18:1-11: Thoughts Note Peter’s courage here. Sure, he would soon deny that he knew Jesus at all, but at this moment, he was willing it seemed to take on 200 men by himself to keep Jesus safe. Note Peter’s courage here. Sure, he would soon deny that he knew Jesus at all, but at this moment, he was willing it seemed to take on 200 men by himself to keep Jesus safe. Jesus shows His courage Jesus shows His courage Jesus shows His authority Jesus shows His authority Jesus chose to die Jesus chose to die Jesus shows his protective love Jesus shows his protective love Jesus shows his utter obedience to God Jesus shows his utter obedience to God The Gospel of John

John 18:12-14,19-24: “Then the detachment of troops and the captain and the officers of the Jews arrested Jesus and bound Him. And they led Him away to Annas first, for he was the father-in-law of Caiaphas who was high priest that year…” John 18:12-14,19-24: “Then the detachment of troops and the captain and the officers of the Jews arrested Jesus and bound Him. And they led Him away to Annas first, for he was the father-in-law of Caiaphas who was high priest that year…” Only John mentions Annas. Annas was a notorious character. Only John mentions Annas. Annas was a notorious character. He was high priest himself from AD 6 to AD 15. Four of his sons had been high priests and now his son-in-law was. Certainly the “power behind the throne” He was high priest himself from AD 6 to AD 15. Four of his sons had been high priests and now his son-in-law was. Certainly the “power behind the throne” Family was immensely rich, in part due to bribes, but also by the way they had put regulations in place for the “ordinary people” to make sacrifices. If they bought an offering outside the temple grounds, it had to be inspected, and it usually failed. Then they had to buy inside the temple at much higher prices. Family was immensely rich, in part due to bribes, but also by the way they had put regulations in place for the “ordinary people” to make sacrifices. If they bought an offering outside the temple grounds, it had to be inspected, and it usually failed. Then they had to buy inside the temple at much higher prices. Remember? Jesus grew very angry at the making of the temple a “den of thieves” Remember? Jesus grew very angry at the making of the temple a “den of thieves” Very likely both of these are reasons why Annas had Jesus brought to him first. Very likely both of these are reasons why Annas had Jesus brought to him first. The Gospel of John

John 18:12-14,19-24: “Now it was Caiaphas who advised the Jews that it was expedient that one man should die for the people…The high priest then asked Jesus about His disciples and His doctrine. Jesus answered him, “I spoke openly to the world. I always taught in synagogues and in the temple, where the Jews always meet, and in secret I have said nothing. Why do you ask Me? Ask those who have heard Me what I said to them. Indeed they know what I said.” John 18:12-14,19-24: “Now it was Caiaphas who advised the Jews that it was expedient that one man should die for the people…The high priest then asked Jesus about His disciples and His doctrine. Jesus answered him, “I spoke openly to the world. I always taught in synagogues and in the temple, where the Jews always meet, and in secret I have said nothing. Why do you ask Me? Ask those who have heard Me what I said to them. Indeed they know what I said.” Essentially, Jesus is telling Annas that he should get his evidence about what Jesus did the proper, normal way – by asking others what they had heard. Essentially, Jesus is telling Annas that he should get his evidence about what Jesus did the proper, normal way – by asking others what they had heard. Instead, Annas questions Jesus directly, which was quite improper. Instead, Annas questions Jesus directly, which was quite improper. The Gospel of John

John 18:12-14,19-24: “And when He had said these things, one of the officers who stood by struck Jesus with the palm of his hand, saying, “Do You answer the high priest like that?” John 18:12-14,19-24: “And when He had said these things, one of the officers who stood by struck Jesus with the palm of his hand, saying, “Do You answer the high priest like that?” Note: Paul was also struck because of addressing the High Priest in Acts 23 Note: Paul was also struck because of addressing the High Priest in Acts 23 “Jesus answered him, “If I have spoken evil, bear witness of the evil; but if well, why do you strike Me?” Then Annas sent Him bound to Caiaphas the high priest.” “Jesus answered him, “If I have spoken evil, bear witness of the evil; but if well, why do you strike Me?” Then Annas sent Him bound to Caiaphas the high priest.” The Gospel of John

John 18:15-18,25-27: “And Simon Peter followed Jesus, and so did another disciple. [[ John ]] Now that disciple was known to the high priest, and went with Jesus into the courtyard of the high priest. But Peter stood at the door outside. Then the other disciple, who was known to the high priest, went out and spoke to her who kept the door, and brought Peter in. Then the servant girl who kept the door said to Peter, “You are not also one of this Man’s disciples, are you?” John 18:15-18,25-27: “And Simon Peter followed Jesus, and so did another disciple. [[ John ]] Now that disciple was known to the high priest, and went with Jesus into the courtyard of the high priest. But Peter stood at the door outside. Then the other disciple, who was known to the high priest, went out and spoke to her who kept the door, and brought Peter in. Then the servant girl who kept the door said to Peter, “You are not also one of this Man’s disciples, are you?” He said, “I am not.” He said, “I am not.” Now the servants and officers who had made a fire of coals stood there, for it was cold, and they warmed themselves. And Peter stood with them and warmed himself… Now the servants and officers who had made a fire of coals stood there, for it was cold, and they warmed themselves. And Peter stood with them and warmed himself… Now Simon Peter stood and warmed himself. Therefore they said to him, “You are not also one of His disciples, are you?” Now Simon Peter stood and warmed himself. Therefore they said to him, “You are not also one of His disciples, are you?” He denied it and said, “I am not!” He denied it and said, “I am not!” One of the servants of the high priest, a relative of him whose ear Peter cut off, said, “Did I not see you in the garden with Him?” Peter then denied again; and immediately a rooster crowed. One of the servants of the high priest, a relative of him whose ear Peter cut off, said, “Did I not see you in the garden with Him?” Peter then denied again; and immediately a rooster crowed. The Gospel of John

John 18:15-18,25-27: “… a rooster crowed.” John 18:15-18,25-27: “… a rooster crowed.” Jewish ritual law forbade having a rooster in the city. Jewish ritual law forbade having a rooster in the city. But, Romans had four 3 hour watches each night. At the beginning of the fourth watch, a trumpet call was made throughout the city. But, Romans had four 3 hour watches each night. At the beginning of the fourth watch, a trumpet call was made throughout the city. The Greek word for this trumpet call was alektorophonia, Latin gallicinium. The Greek word for this trumpet call was alektorophonia, Latin gallicinium. Both of these words mean: “Cockcrow” Both of these words mean: “Cockcrow” I wonder if what Jesus said was “Before the trumpet sounds the cockcrow, you will deny me three times” ? I wonder if what Jesus said was “Before the trumpet sounds the cockcrow, you will deny me three times” ? We are awfully hard on Peter – he does deny Jesus, but other than John, where are the other nine? (the 12 th was Judas). We are awfully hard on Peter – he does deny Jesus, but other than John, where are the other nine? (the 12 th was Judas). They had all already forsaken Jesus and run for their lives. They had all already forsaken Jesus and run for their lives. Peter continued to show his love for Jesus. Yes, his love fails him here, but he was brave enough to follow Jesus. Peter continued to show his love for Jesus. Yes, his love fails him here, but he was brave enough to follow Jesus. Good news for us is that Jesus sees beneath all our failings to our true selves. Jesus loved Peter even more than Peter loved Him. Good news for us is that Jesus sees beneath all our failings to our true selves. Jesus loved Peter even more than Peter loved Him. The Gospel of John

John 18:28-40: “Then they led Jesus from Caiaphas to the Praetorium, and it was early morning. But they themselves did not go into the Praetorium, lest they should be defiled, but that they might eat the Passover. Pilate then went out to them and said, “What accusation do you bring against this Man?” John 18:28-40: “Then they led Jesus from Caiaphas to the Praetorium, and it was early morning. But they themselves did not go into the Praetorium, lest they should be defiled, but that they might eat the Passover. Pilate then went out to them and said, “What accusation do you bring against this Man?” Pilate would already have been irritated at the Jews for bringing him someone to judge early in the morning AND for not entering his halls. Pilate would already have been irritated at the Jews for bringing him someone to judge early in the morning AND for not entering his halls. “They answered and said to him, “If He were not an evildoer, we would not have delivered Him up to you.” “They answered and said to him, “If He were not an evildoer, we would not have delivered Him up to you.” The Jews fire back at Pilate. The Jews fire back at Pilate. “Then Pilate said to them, “You take Him and judge Him according to your law.” “Then Pilate said to them, “You take Him and judge Him according to your law.” “Therefore the Jews said to him, “It is not lawful for us to put anyone to death,” that the saying of Jesus might be fulfilled which He spoke, signifying by what death He would die.” “Therefore the Jews said to him, “It is not lawful for us to put anyone to death,” that the saying of Jesus might be fulfilled which He spoke, signifying by what death He would die.” Had the Jews killed Jesus, it would have been by stoning. Jesus prophesied that he would be lifted up. Crucified. Had the Jews killed Jesus, it would have been by stoning. Jesus prophesied that he would be lifted up. Crucified. The Gospel of John

John 18:28-40: “Then Pilate entered the Praetorium again, called Jesus, and said to Him, “Are You the King of the Jews?” John 18:28-40: “Then Pilate entered the Praetorium again, called Jesus, and said to Him, “Are You the King of the Jews?” Jesus answered him, “Are you speaking for yourself about this, or did others tell you this concerning Me?” Jesus answered him, “Are you speaking for yourself about this, or did others tell you this concerning Me?” Pilate answered, “Am I a Jew? Your own nation and the chief priests have delivered You to me. What have You done?” Pilate answered, “Am I a Jew? Your own nation and the chief priests have delivered You to me. What have You done?” Jesus answered, “My kingdom is not of this world. If My kingdom were of this world, My servants would fight, so that I should not be delivered to the Jews; but now My kingdom is not from here.” Jesus answered, “My kingdom is not of this world. If My kingdom were of this world, My servants would fight, so that I should not be delivered to the Jews; but now My kingdom is not from here.” Pilate therefore said to Him, “Are You a king then?” Pilate therefore said to Him, “Are You a king then?” Jesus answered, “You say rightly that I am a king. For this cause I was born, and for this cause I have come into the world, that I should bear witness to the truth. Everyone who is of the truth hears My voice.” Jesus answered, “You say rightly that I am a king. For this cause I was born, and for this cause I have come into the world, that I should bear witness to the truth. Everyone who is of the truth hears My voice.” Pilate said to Him, “What is truth?” And when he had said this, he went out again to the Jews, and said to them, “I find no fault in Him at all.” Pilate said to Him, “What is truth?” And when he had said this, he went out again to the Jews, and said to them, “I find no fault in Him at all.” The Gospel of John

John 18:28-40: “But you have a custom that I should release someone to you at the Passover. Do you therefore want me to release to you the King of the Jews?” Then they all cried again, saying, “Not this Man, but Barabbas!” Now Barabbas was a robber.” John 18:28-40: “But you have a custom that I should release someone to you at the Passover. Do you therefore want me to release to you the King of the Jews?” Then they all cried again, saying, “Not this Man, but Barabbas!” Now Barabbas was a robber.” What is truth? Note that none of the Jewish leaders were concerned with truth. Pilate, a Roman, is skeptical that truth could possibly exist. What is truth? Note that none of the Jewish leaders were concerned with truth. Pilate, a Roman, is skeptical that truth could possibly exist. Pilate comes out and harasses the Jews again with this barb about their king. Pilate comes out and harasses the Jews again with this barb about their king. The Jews would rather have a robber turned loose than a quiet man who taught each of us to love one another. The Jews would rather have a robber turned loose than a quiet man who taught each of us to love one another. What is truth? What is truth? “I am the way, the truth, and the life” “I am the way, the truth, and the life” See you next week. See you next week. The Gospel of John